Latest Articles from MycoKeys Latest 23 Articles from MycoKeys https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/ Thu, 28 Mar 2024 22:39:33 +0200 Pensoft FeedCreator https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/i/logo.jpg Latest Articles from MycoKeys https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/ Molecular and morphological data reveal two new species of Tropicoporus (Hymenochaetaceae, Basidiomycota) from Australia and tropical Asia https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/119027/ MycoKeys 103: 57-70

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.103.119027

Authors: An-Hong Zhu, Zhan-Bo Liu, Yue Li, Hong-Gao Liu, Yuan Yuan, Shuang-Hui He

Abstract: Phylogenetic analyses and morphological examination confirmed two new species in the tropical polypore genus Tropicoporus, T. oceanianus and T. zuzaneae, from Australia and tropical Asia, respectively. A phylogenetic analysis based on the two DNA markers including the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the large subunit (nLSU) gene shows that these two new species form two independent lineages nested in the genus Tropicoporus. T. oceanianus is characterized by perennial and ungulate basidiomata, the occasional presence of hymenial setae, a trimitic hyphal structure in the context and a dimitic hyphal system in the trama, and broadly ellipsoid to subglobose basidiospores measuring 5.2–6 × 4–5 μm. T. zuzaneae is characterized by perennial and resupinate basidiomata with distinct receding margin, glancing pores, very thin to almost lacking subiculum, a dimitic hyphal structure, the absence of any setal elements, broadly ellipsoid to subglobose basidiospores measuring 3.8–4.9 × 3–4.2 µm. The differences among the new species and their phylogenetically related and morphologically similar species are discussed.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Tue, 19 Mar 2024 09:52:29 +0200
Chaenothecopsis (Mycocaliciales, Ascomycota) from exudates of endemic New Zealand Podocarpaceae https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/97601/ MycoKeys 95: 101-129

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.95.97601

Authors: Christina Beimforde, Alexander R. Schmidt, Hanna Tuovila, Uwe Kaulfuss, Juliane Germer, William G. Lee, Jouko Rikkinen

Abstract: The order Mycocaliciales (Ascomycota) comprises fungal species with diverse, often highly specialized substrate ecologies. Particularly within the genus Chaenothecopsis, many species exclusively occur on fresh and solidified resins or other exudates of vascular plants. In New Zealand, the only previously known species growing on plant exudate is Chaenothecopsis schefflerae, found on several endemic angiosperms in the family Araliaceae. Here we describe three new species; Chaenothecopsis matai Rikkinen, Beimforde, Tuovila & A.R. Schmidt, C. nodosa Beimforde, Tuovila, Rikkinen & A.R. Schmidt, and C. novae-zelandiae Rikkinen, Beimforde, Tuovila & A.R. Schmidt, all growing on exudates of endemic New Zealand conifers of the Podocarpaceae family, particularly on Prumnopitys taxifolia. Phylogenetic analyses based on ribosomal DNA regions (ITS and LSU) grouped them into a distinct, monophyletic clade. This, as well as the restricted host range, suggests that all three taxa are endemic to New Zealand. Copious insect frass between the ascomata contain ascospores or show an early stage of ascomata development, indicating that the fungi are spread by insects. The three new species represent the first evidence of Chaenothecopsis from any Podocarpaceae species and the first from any gymnosperm exudates in New Zealand.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Thu, 16 Feb 2023 17:36:21 +0200
Examination of the generic concept and species boundaries of the genus Erioscyphella (Lachnaceae, Helotiales, Ascomycota) with the proposal of new species and new combinations based on the Japanese materials https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/73082/ MycoKeys 87: 1-52

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.87.73082

Authors: Yukito Tochihara, Tsuyoshi Hosoya

Abstract: The genus Erioscyphella Kirschst., which was morphologically confused with Lachnum, was herein examined. Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses using a combined dataset of ITS, LSU, mtSSU, and RPB2 and morphological examinations, Erioscyphella was distinguished from Lachnum and redefined by longer ascospores and the presence of apical amorphous materials and/or resinous materials equipped on hairs. Species boundaries recognized by morphology/ecology and phylogenetic analyses were cross-checked using species delimitation analyses based on DNA barcode sequences downloaded from UNITE, resulting in that species’ taxonomic problems being uncovered. Six new species (E. boninensis, E. insulae, E. otanii, E. papillaris, E. paralushanensis, and E. sasibrevispora) and two new combinations (E. hainanensis and E. sinensis) were proposed.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Tue, 8 Feb 2022 12:08:07 +0200
A long-read amplicon approach to scaling up the metabarcoding of lichen herbarium specimens https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/77431/ MycoKeys 86: 195-212

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.86.77431

Authors: Cécile Gueidan, Lan Li

Abstract: Reference sequence databases are critical to the accurate detection and identification of fungi in the environment. As repositories of large numbers of well-curated specimens, herbaria and fungal culture collections have the material resources to generate sequence data for large number of taxa, and could therefore allow filling taxonomic gaps often present in reference sequence databases. Financial resources to do that are however often lacking, so that recent efforts have focused on decreasing sequencing cost by increasing the number of multiplexed samples per sequencing run while maintaining high sequence quality. Following a previous study that aimed at decreasing sequencing cost for lichen specimens by generating fungal ITS barcodes for 96 specimens using PacBio amplicon sequencing, we present a method that further decreases lichen specimen metabarcoding costs. A total of 384 mixed DNA extracts obtained from lichen herbarium specimens, mostly from the four genera Buellia, Catillaria, Endocarpon and Parmotrema, were used to generate new fungal ITS sequences using a Sequel I sequencing platform and the PacBio M13 barcoded primers. The average success rate across all taxa was high (86.5%), with particularly high rates for the crustose saxicolous taxa (Buellia, Catillaria and others; 93.3%) and the terricolous squamulose taxa (Endocarpon and others; 96.5%). On the other hand, the success rate for the foliose genus Parmotrema was lower (60.4%). With this taxon sampling, greater specimen age did not appear to impact sequencing success. In fact, the 1966–1980 collection date category showed the highest success rate (97.3%). Compared to the previous study, the abundance-based sequence denoising method showed some limitations, but the cost of generating ITS barcodes was further decreased thanks to the higher multiplexing level. In addition to contributing new ITS barcodes for specimens of four interesting lichen genera, this study further highlights the potential and challenges of using new sequencing technologies on collection specimens to generate DNA sequences for reference databases.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Wed, 2 Feb 2022 10:50:14 +0200
Redelimitation of Heteroradulum (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota) with H. australiense sp. nov. https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/76425/ MycoKeys 86: 87-101

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.86.76425

Authors: Qian-Zhu Li, Shi-Liang Liu, Xue-Wei Wang, Tom W. May, Li-Wei Zhou

Abstract: Auriculariales accommodates species with diverse basidiomes and hymenophores. From morphological and phylogenetic perspectives, we perform a taxonomic study on Heteroradulum, a recently validated genus within the Auriculariales. The genus Grammatus is merged into Heteroradulum, and thus its generic type G. labyrinthinus is combined with Heteroradulum and G. semis is reaccepted as a member of Heteroradulum. Heteroradulum australiense is newly described on the basis of three Australian specimens. Heteroradulum yunnanense is excluded from this genus and its taxonomic position at the generic level is considered uncertain. Accordingly, the circumscription of Heteroradulum is re-delimited and the concept of this genus is adjusted by including irpicoid to poroid hymenophores and a hyphal system with clamp connections or simple septa. A key to all nine accepted species of Heteroradulum is presented.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Wed, 19 Jan 2022 16:51:08 +0200
Brahmaculus gen. nov. (Leotiomycetes, Chlorociboriaceae) https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/64435/ MycoKeys 80: 19-43

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.80.64435

Authors: Peter R. Johnston, Duckchul Park, Matthew E. Smith, Alija B. Mujic, Tom W. May

Abstract: A second genus in Chlorociboriaceae is described here as Brahmaculus gen. nov. Macroscopically distinctive, all species have bright yellow apothecia with several apothecial cups held on short branches at the tip of a long stipe. The genus is widely distributed across the Southern Hemisphere; the four new species described here include two from Chile (B. magellanicus sp. nov., B. osornoensis sp. nov.) and one each from New Zealand (B. moonlighticus sp. nov.) and Australia (B. packhamiae sp. nov.). They differ from species referred to Chlorociboria, the only other genus in Chlorociboriaceae, in their terrestrial habitat and ascomata that are noticeably more hairy than the known Chlorociboria species, most of which have apothecia with short, macroscopically indistinct hair-like elements. Based on our analyses, Chlorociboria as accepted here is paraphyletic. Additional study is needed to clarify where alternative, monophyletic generic limits should be drawn and how these genera may be recognised morphologically. Also described here are three new Chlorociboria spp. from New Zealand (C. metrosideri sp. nov., C. solandri sp. nov., C. subtilis sp. nov.), distinctive in developing on dead leaves rather than wood and in two of them not forming the green pigmentation characteristic of most Chlorociboria species. New Zealand specimens previously incorrectly identified as Chlorociboria argentinensis are provided with a new name, C. novae-zelandiae sp. nov.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Fri, 7 May 2021 15:51:30 +0300
Cryptic diversity found in Didymellaceae from Australian native legumes https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/60063/ MycoKeys 78: 1-20

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.78.60063

Authors: Elizabeth C. Keirnan, Yu Pei Tan, Matthew H. Laurence, Allison A. Mertin, Edward C. Y. Liew, Brett A. Summerell, Roger G. Shivas

Abstract: Ascochyta koolunga (Didymellaceae, Pleosporales) was first described in 2009 (as Phoma koolunga) and identified as the causal agent of Ascochyta blight of Pisum sativum (field pea) in South Australia. Since then A. koolunga has not been reported anywhere else in the world, and its origins and occurrence on other legume (Fabaceae) species remains unknown. Blight and leaf spot diseases of Australian native, pasture and naturalised legumes were studied to investigate a possible native origin of A. koolunga. Ascochyta koolunga was not detected on native, naturalised or pasture legumes that had leaf spot symptoms, in any of the studied regions in southern Australia, and only one isolate was recovered from P. sativum. However, we isolated five novel species in the Didymellaceae from leaf spots of Australian native legumes from commercial field pea regions throughout southern Australia. The novel species were classified on the basis of morphology and phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer region and part of the RNA polymerase II subunit B gene region. Three of these species, Nothophoma garlbiwalawarda sp. nov., Nothophoma naiawu sp. nov. and Nothophoma ngayawang sp. nov., were isolated from Senna artemisioides. The other species described here are Epicoccum djirangnandiri sp. nov. from Swainsona galegifolia and Neodidymelliopsis tinkyukuku sp. nov. from Hardenbergia violacea. In addition, we report three new host-pathogen associations in Australia, namely Didymella pinodes on S. artemisioides and Vicia cracca, and D. lethalis on Lathyrus tingitanus. This is also the first report of Didymella prosopidis in Australia.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Mon, 8 Feb 2021 16:14:10 +0200
Delimitation, new species and teleomorph-anamorph relationships in Codinaea, Dendrophoma, Paragaeumannomyces and Striatosphaeria (Chaetosphaeriaceae) https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/57824/ MycoKeys 74: 17-74

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.74.57824

Authors: Martina Réblová, Jana Nekvindová, Jacques Fournier, Andrew N. Miller

Abstract: The Chaetosphaeriaceae are a diverse group of pigmented, predominantly phialidic hyphomycetes comprised of several holomorphic genera including Chaetosphaeria, the most prominent genus of the family. Although the morphology of the teleomorphs of the majority of Chaetosphaeria is rather uniform, their associated anamorphs primarily exhibit the variability and evolutionary change observed in the genus. An exception from the morphological monotony among Chaetosphaeria species is a group characterised by scolecosporous, hyaline to light pink, multiseptate, asymmetrical ascospores and a unique three-layered ascomatal wall. Paragaeumannomyces sphaerocellularis, the type species of the genus, exhibits these morphological traits and is compared with similar Chaetosphaeria with craspedodidymum- and chloridium-like synanamorphs. Morphological comparison and phylogenetic analyses of the combined ITS-28S sequences of 35 isolates and vouchers with these characteristics revealed a strongly-supported, morphologically well-delimited clade in the Chaetosphaeriaceae containing 16 species. The generic name Paragaeumannomyces is applied to this monophyletic clade; eight new combinations and five new species, i.e. P. abietinus sp. nov., P. elegans sp. nov., P. granulatus sp. nov., P. sabinianus sp. nov. and P. smokiensis sp. nov., are proposed. A key to Paragaeumannomyces is provided. Using morphology, cultivation studies and phylogenetic analyses of ITS and 28S rDNA, two additional new species from freshwater and terrestrial habitats, Codinaea paniculata sp. nov. and Striatosphaeria castanea sp. nov., are described in the family. A codinaea-like anamorph of S. castanea forms conidia with setulae at each end in axenic culture; this feature expands the known morphology of Striatosphaeria. A chaetosphaeria-like teleomorph is experimentally linked to Dendrophoma cytisporoides, a sporodochial hyphomycete and type species of Dendrophoma, for the first time.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Mon, 19 Oct 2020 16:50:49 +0300
Updated taxonomy of Lactifluus section Luteoli: L. russulisporus from Australia and L. caliendrifer from Thailand https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/35204/ MycoKeys 56(): 13-32

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.56.35204

Authors: Glen Dierickx, Marie Froyen, Roy Halling, Komsit Wisitrassameewong, Lynn Delgat, Eske De Crop, Annemieke Verbeken

Abstract: Lactifluus russulisporus Dierickx & De Crop and Lactifluus caliendrifer Froyen & De Crop are described from eucalypt forests in Queensland, Australia and different forest types in Thailand, respectively. Both species have recently been published on Index Fungorum and fit morphologically and molecularly in L. sect. Luteoli, a section within L. subg. Gymnocarpi that encompasses species with alboochraceous basidiomes, white latex that stains brown and typical capitate elements in the pileipellis and/or marginal cells.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Wed, 10 Jul 2019 09:31:43 +0300
PacBio amplicon sequencing for metabarcoding of mixed DNA samples from lichen herbarium specimens https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/34761/ MycoKeys 53: 73-91

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.53.34761

Authors: Cécile Gueidan, John A. Elix, Patrick M. McCarthy, Claude Roux, Max Mallen-Cooper, Gintaras Kantvilas

Abstract: The detection and identification of species of fungi in the environment using molecular methods heavily depends on reliable reference sequence databases. However, these databases are largely incomplete in terms of taxon coverage, and a significant effort is required from herbaria and living fungal collections for the mass-barcoding of well-identified and well-curated fungal specimens or strains. Here, a PacBio amplicon sequencing approach is applied to recent lichen herbarium specimens for the sequencing of the fungal ITS barcode, allowing a higher throughput sample processing than Sanger sequencing, which often required the use of cloning. Out of 96 multiplexed samples, a full-length ITS sequence of the target lichenised fungal species was recovered for 85 specimens. In addition, sequences obtained for co-amplified fungi gave an interesting insight into the diversity of endolichenic fungi. Challenges encountered at both the laboratory and bioinformatic stages are discussed, and cost and quality are compared with Sanger sequencing. With increasing data output and reducing sequencing cost, PacBio amplicon sequencing is seen as a promising approach for the generation of reference sequences for lichenised fungi as well as the characterisation of lichen-associated fungal communities.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Mon, 3 Jun 2019 09:35:43 +0300
Type studies of Rossbeevera bispora, and a new species of Rossbeevera from south China https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/32775/ MycoKeys 51: 15-28

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.51.32775

Authors: Md. Iqbal Hosen, Xiang-Jing Zhong, Genevieve Gates, Takamichi Orihara, Tai-Hui Li

Abstract: The type of Rossbeevera bispora and additional collections from the type location and adjacent areas were studied. Molecular data for R. bispora derived from the new collections are provided. In addition, R. griseobrunnea, a new species of Rossbeevera, is described from Xiangtoushan National Nature Reserve, Guangdong Province of China. The new species is characterized by its globose to subglobose sequestrate basidiomata with grayish white to grayish brown pileus, pale bluish discoloration in some parts of the hymenophore when injured becoming rusty brown to dark brown after being exposed to the air, fusoid (star-shaped in cross section) basidiospores 17–20 × 9–12 μm, and subcutis elements in the pileus. Based on multi-locus (ITS+nrLSU+tef1-α+rpb2) molecular phylogenetic analyses, both species appear as sister to R. paracyanea. We present color photos, macro- and micro-description, SEM basidiospores, molecular affinities of the species and compare them with morphologically similar taxa within the genus. A key to the species known from northern and southern hemispheres is provided.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Mon, 15 Apr 2019 13:48:09 +0300
Dentipellis tasmanica sp. nov. (Hericiaceae, Basidiomycota) from Australia https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/28485/ MycoKeys 41: 29-38

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.41.28485

Authors: Xiao-Hong Ji, Qian Chen, Genevieve Gates, Ping Du

Abstract: Dentipellis tasmanica sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Tasmania, Australia based on rDNA evidence and morphological characters. It is characterised by an annual growth habit; resupinate basidiocarps up to 100 cm long; spines cream when fresh and cinnamon when dry, up to 3 mm long and a few glued at tips when dry; distinct white fibrillous to cottony margin; a monomitic hyphal structure with non-amyloid, non-dextrinoid and cyanophilous generative hyphae; the presence of gloeoplerous hyphae and gloeocystidia which become dark blue in Melzer’s reagent; the presence of chlamydospores in the subiculum and rough basidiospores measuring 3.5–4.5 × 2.4–3.2 µm. A molecular study based on the combined ITS (internal transcribed spacer region) and 28S (the large nuclear ribosomal RNA subunit) dataset supports the new species in Dentipellis. A key to species of Dentipellis sensu stricto is provided.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Thu, 11 Oct 2018 16:28:34 +0300
Three new species of Krogia (Ramalinaceae, lichenised Ascomycota) from the Paleotropics https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/26025/ MycoKeys 40: 69-88

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.40.26025

Authors: Sonja Kistenich, Jouko K. Rikkinen, Holger Thüs, Charles S. Vairappan, Patricia A. Wolseley, Einar Timdal

Abstract: Krogia borneensis Kistenich & Timdal, K. isidiata Kistenich & Timdal and K. macrophylla Kistenich & Timdal are described as new species, the first from Borneo and the two latter from New Caledonia. The new species are supported by morphology, secondary chemistry and DNA sequence data. Krogia borneensis and K. isidiata contain sekikaic and homosekikaic acid, both compounds reported here for the first time from the genus. Krogia macrophylla contains an unknown compound apparently related to boninic acid as the major compound. DNA sequences (mtSSU and nrITS) are provided for the first time for Krogia and a phylogeny of the genus based on 15 accessions of five of the six accepted species is presented. Krogia antillarum is reported as new to Brazil, Guatemala and Mexico.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Wed, 26 Sep 2018 13:26:58 +0300
Different diversification histories in tropical and temperate lineages in the ascomycete subfamily Protoparmelioideae (Parmeliaceae) https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/22548/ MycoKeys 36: 1-19

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.36.22548

Authors: Garima Singh, Francesco Dal Grande, Jan Schnitzler, Markus Pfenninger, Imke Schmitt

Abstract: Background: Environment and geographic processes affect species’ distributions as well as evolutionary processes, such as clade diversification. Estimating the time of origin and diversification of organisms helps us understand how climate fluctuations in the past might have influenced the diversification and present distribution of species. Complementing divergence dating with character evolution could indicate how key innovations have facilitated the diversification of species. Methods: We estimated the divergence times within the newly recognised subfamily Protoparmelioideae (Ascomycota) using a multilocus dataset to assess the temporal context of diversification events. We reconstructed ancestral habitats and substrate using a species tree generated in *Beast. Results: We found that the diversification in Protoparmelioideae occurred during the Miocene and that the diversification events in the tropical clade Maronina predate those of the extratropical Protoparmelia. Character reconstructions suggest that the ancestor of Protoparmelioideae was most probably a rock-dwelling lichen inhabiting temperate environments. Conclusions: Major diversification within the subtropical/tropical genus Maronina occurred between the Paleocene and Miocene whereas the diversifications within the montane, arctic/temperate genus Protoparmelia occurred much more recently, i.e. in the Miocene.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Mon, 2 Jul 2018 11:59:58 +0300
Short-spored Subulicystidium (Trechisporales, Basidiomycota): high morphological diversity and only partly clear species boundaries https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/25678/ MycoKeys 35: 41-99

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.35.25678

Authors: Alexander Ordynets, David Scherf, Felix Pansegrau, Jonathan Denecke, Ludmila Lysenko, Karl-Henrik Larsson, Ewald Langer

Abstract: Diversity of corticioid fungi (resupinate Basidiomycota), especially outside the northern temperate climatic zone, remains poorly explored. Furthermore, most of the known species are delimited by morphological concepts only and, not rarely, these concepts are too broad and need to be tested by molecular tools. For many decades, the delimitation of species in the genus Subulicystidium (Hydnodontaceae, Trechisporales) was a challenge for mycologists. The presence of numerous transitional forms as to basidiospore size and shape hindered species delimitation and almost no data on molecular diversity have been available. In this study, an extensive set of 144 Subulicystidium specimens from Paleo- and Neotropics was examined. Forty-nine sequences of ITS nuclear ribosomal DNA region and 51 sequences of 28S nuclear ribosomal DNA region from fruit bodies of Subulicystidium were obtained and analysed within the barcoding gap framework and with phylogenetic Bayesian and Maximum likelihood approaches. Eleven new species of Subulicystidium are described based on morphology and molecular analyses: Subulicystidium boidinii, S. fusisporum, S. grandisporum, S. harpagum, S. inornatum, S. oberwinkleri, S. parvisporum, S. rarocrystallinum, S. robustius, S. ryvardenii and S. tedersooi. Morphological and DNA-evidenced borders were revised for the five previously known species: S. naviculatum, S. nikau, S. obtusisporum, S. brachysporum and S. meridense. Species-level variation in basidiospore size and shape was estimated based on systematic measurements of 2840 spores from 67 sequenced specimens. An updated identification key to all known species of Subulicystidium is provided.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Wed, 27 Jun 2018 09:49:00 +0300
Cryptic species of Curvularia in the culture collection of the Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/25665/ MycoKeys 35: 1-25

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.35.25665

Authors: Yu Pei Tan, Pedro W. Crous, Roger G. Shivas

Abstract: Several unidentified specimens of Curvularia deposited in the Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium were re-examined. Phylogenetic analyses based on sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer region, partial fragments of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and the translation elongation factor 1-α genes, supported the introduction of 13 novel Curvularia species. Eight of the species described, namely, C. beasleyi sp. nov., C. beerburrumensis sp. nov., C. eragrosticola sp. nov., C. kenpeggii sp. nov., C. mebaldsii sp. nov., C. petersonii sp. nov., C. platzii sp. nov. and C. warraberensis sp. nov., were isolated from grasses (Poaceae) exotic to Australia. Only two species, C. lamingtonensis sp. nov. and C. sporobolicola sp. nov., were described from native Australian grasses. Two species were described from hosts in other families, namely, C. coatesiae sp. nov. from Litchi chinensis (Sapindaceae) and C. colbranii sp. nov. from Crinum zeylanicum (Amaryllidaceae). Curvularia reesii sp. nov. was described from an isolate obtained from an air sample. Furthermore, DNA sequences from ex-type cultures supported the generic placement of C. neoindica and the transfer of Drechslera boeremae to Curvularia.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Fri, 15 Jun 2018 09:09:30 +0300
Polypores and genus concepts in Phanerochaetaceae (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/10153/ MycoKeys 17: 1-46

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.17.10153

Authors: Otto Miettinen, Viacheslav Spirin, Josef Vlasák, Bernard Rivoire, Soili Stenroos, David Hibbett

Abstract: We explored whether DNA-phylogeny-based and morphology-based genus concepts can be reconciled in the basidiomycete family Phanerochaetaceae. Our results show that macromorphology of fruiting bodies and hymenophore construction do not reflect monophyletic groups. However, by integrating micromorphology and re-defining genera, harmonization of DNA phylogeny and morphological genus concepts is possible in most cases. In the case of one genus (Phlebiopsis), our genetic markers could not resolve genus limits satisfactorily and a clear morphological definition could not be identified. We combine extended species sampling, microscopic studies of fruiting bodies and phylogenetic analyses of ITS, nLSU and rpb1 to revise genus concepts. Three new polypore genera are ascribed to the Phanerochaetaceae: Oxychaete gen. nov. (type Oxyporus cervinogilvus), Phanerina gen. nov. (type Ceriporia mellea), and Riopa (including Ceriporia metamorphosa and Riopa pudens sp. nov.). Phlebiopsis is extended to include Dentocorticium pilatii, further species of Hjortstamia and the monotypic polypore genus Castanoporus. The polypore Ceriporia inflata is combined into Phanerochaete. The identity of the type species of the genus Riopa, R. davidii, has been misinterpreted in the current literature. The species has been included in Ceriporia as a species of its own or placed in synonymy with Ceriporia camaresiana. The effort to properly define R. davidii forced us to study Ceriporia more widely. In the process we identified five closely related Ceriporia species that belong to the true Ceriporia clade (Irpicaceae). We describe those species here, and introduce the Ceriporia pierii group. We also select a lectotype and an epitype for Riopa metamorphosa and neotypes for Sporotrichum aurantiacum and S. aurantium, the type species of the anamorphic genus Sporotrichum, and recommend that teleomorphic Riopa is conserved against it.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Thu, 8 Dec 2016 10:30:49 +0200
Corrigenda: Harrower E, Bougher NL, Winterbottom C, Henkel TW, Horak E, Matheny PB (2015) New species in Cortinarius section Cortinarius (Agaricales) from the Americas and Australasia. MycoKeys 11: 1–21. doi: 10.3897/mycokeys.11.5409 https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/7186/ MycoKeys 12: 41-41

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.12.7186

Authors: Emma Harrower, Neale Bougher, Caitlin Winterbottom, Terry Henkel, Egon Horak, P. Brandon Matheny

Abstract: The authors apologize for errors in the description of type specimens in their original article and make corrections.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Corrigenda Fri, 18 Mar 2016 00:34:53 +0200
New species in Cortinarius section Cortinarius (Agaricales) from the Americas and Australasia https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/5409/ MycoKeys 11: 1-21

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.11.5409

Authors: Emma Harrower, Neale L. Bougher, Caitlin Winterbottom, Terry W. Henkel, Egon Horak, P. Brandon Matheny

Abstract: Five new species from Cortinarius sect. Cortinarius are formally described, four from the Americas (Cortinarius palatinus Harrower, sp. nov., Cortinarius atrotomentosus Harrower, sp. nov., Cortinarius altissimus Harrower & T.W. Henkel, sp. nov., Cortinarius neotropicus Harrower, sp. nov.) and one from Australasia (Cortinarius carneipallidus Harrower & E. Horak, sp. nov.) based on molecular, morphological, and ecological circumscription. Additional collections of the Australasian species Cortinarius hallowellensis Wood and Cortinarius kioloensis Wood reveal wider host associations and geographic ranges than previously recorded. Morphological descriptions, photomicrographs and a dichotomous key to all species in Cortinarius sect. Cortinarius are provided. This work raises the number of species in sect. Cortinarius to twelve.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Thu, 3 Sep 2015 09:59:29 +0300
Shotgun metagenomes and multiple primer pair-barcode combinations of amplicons reveal biases in metabarcoding analyses of fungi https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/4852/ MycoKeys 10: 1-43

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.10.4852

Authors: Leho Tedersoo, Sten Anslan, Mohammad Bahram, Sergei Põlme, Taavi Riit, Ingrid Liiv, Urmas Kõljalg, Veljo Kisand, Henrik Nilsson, Falk Hildebrand, Peer Bork, Kessy Abarenkov

Abstract: Rapid development of high-throughput (HTS) molecular identification methods has revolutionized our knowledge about taxonomic diversity and ecology of fungi. However, PCR-based methods exhibit multiple technical shortcomings that may bias our understanding of the fungal kingdom. This study was initiated to quantify potential biases in fungal community ecology by comparing the relative performance of amplicon-free shotgun metagenomics and amplicons of nine primer pairs over seven nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) regions often used in metabarcoding analyses. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) barcodes ITS1 and ITS2 provided greater taxonomic and functional resolution and richness of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at the 97% similarity threshold compared to barcodes located within the ribosomal small subunit (SSU) and large subunit (LSU) genes. All barcode-primer pair combinations provided consistent results in ranking taxonomic richness and recovering the importance of floristic variables in driving fungal community composition in soils of Papua New Guinea. The choice of forward primer explained up to 2.0% of the variation in OTU-level analysis of the ITS1 and ITS2 barcode data sets. Across the whole data set, barcode-primer pair combination explained 37.6–38.1% of the variation, which surpassed any environmental signal. Overall, the metagenomics data set recovered a similar taxonomic overview, but resulted in much lower fungal rDNA sequencing depth, inability to infer OTUs, and high uncertainty in identification. We recommend the use of ITS2 or the whole ITS region for metabarcoding and we advocate careful choice of primer pairs in consideration of the relative proportion of fungal DNA and expected dominant groups.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Wed, 13 May 2015 16:11:09 +0300
Three new species of foetid Gymnopus in New Zealand https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/1199/ MycoKeys 7: 31-44

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.7.4710

Authors: Jerry Cooper, Pat Leonard

Abstract: We describe three new species, Gymnopus imbricatus, G. ceraceicola and G. hakaroa, from New Zealand that are similar to G. foetidus (= Micromphale foetidum), growing on wood, with an insititious stipe and foetid odour. The position of these species within the /gymnopoid clade is confirmed by ITS sequence analysis.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Wed, 26 Jun 2013 00:00:00 +0300
Molecular data support placement of Cameronia in Ostropomycetidae (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota) https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/1191/ MycoKeys 5: 31-44

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.5.4140

Authors: Thorsten Lumbsch, Gintaras Kantvilas, Sittiporn Parnmen

Abstract: The phylogenetic position of the Tasmanian endemic genus Cameronia Kantvilas is studied using partial sequences of nuclear LSU and mitochondrial SSU ribosomal DNA. Monophyly of the genus is supported, as is its placement in Ostropomycetidae, although its position within this subclass remains uncertain. Given the lack of close relatives to Cameronia and its morphological differences compared to other families with perithecioid ascomata in Ostropomycetidae, the new family Cameroniaceae Kantvilas & Lumbsch is proposed.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Fri, 30 Nov 2012 00:00:00 +0200
Boletopsis nothofagi sp. nov. associated with Nothofagus in the Southern Hemisphere https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/1184/ MycoKeys 3: 13-22

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.3.2762

Authors: Jerry Cooper, Patrick Leonard

Abstract: Boletopsis nothofagi sp. nov., an ectomycorrhizal taxon is described from Nothofagus forests in New Zealand. A comparison of available molecular ITS sequences, and morphological data was carried out to confirm the novelty of the taxon. This is the first report of the genus in the Southern Hemisphere.

HTML

XML

PDF

]]>
Research Article Mon, 9 Apr 2012 00:00:00 +0300