Latest Articles from MycoKeys Latest 19 Articles from MycoKeys https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/ Fri, 29 Mar 2024 13:55:19 +0200 Pensoft FeedCreator https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/i/logo.jpg Latest Articles from MycoKeys https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/ Roccellinastrum, Cenozosia and Heterodermia: Ecology and phylogeny of fog lichens and their photobionts from the coastal Atacama Desert https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/107764/ MycoKeys 98: 317-348

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.98.107764

Authors: Patrick Jung, Lina Werner, Laura Briegel-Williams, Dina Emrich, Michael Lakatos

Abstract: Some deserts on Earth such as the Namib or the Atacama are influenced by fog which can lead to the formation of local fog oases - unique environments hosting a great diversity of specialized plants and lichens. Lichens of the genera Ramalina, Niebla or Heterodermia have taxonomically been investigated from fog oases around the globe but not from the Atacama Desert, one of the oldest and driest deserts. Conditioned by its topography and the presence of orographic fog, the National Park Pan de Azúcar in the Atacama Desert is considered to be such a lichen hotspot. Applying multi-gen loci involving phylogenetic analyses combined with intense morphological and chemical characterization, we determined the taxonomic position of five of the most abundant epiphytic lichens of this area. We evaluated Roccellinastrum spongoideum and Heterodermia follmannii which were both described from the area but also finally showed that the genus Cenozosia is the endemic sister genus to Ramalina, Vermilacinia, Namibialina and Niebla. As a result, we have described the species Heterodermia adunca, C. cava and C. excorticata as new lichen species. This work provides a comprehensive dataset for common fog lichen genera of the Coastal Range of the Atacama Desert that can be used as a baseline for monitoring programs and environmental health assessments.

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Research Article Tue, 1 Aug 2023 15:08:35 +0300
Pseudolepraria, a new leprose genus revealed in Ramalinaceae (Ascomycota, Lecanoromycetes, Lecanorales) to accommodate Lepraria stephaniana https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/98029/ MycoKeys 96: 97-112

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.96.98029

Authors: Martin Kukwa, Magdalena Kosecka, Agnieszka Jabłońska, Adam Flakus, Pamela Rodriguez-Flakus, Beata Guzow-Krzemińska

Abstract: The new genus Pseudolepraria Kukwa, Jabłońska, Kosecka & Guzow-Krzemińska is introduced to accommodate Lepraria stephaniana Elix, Flakus & Kukwa. Phylogenetic analyses of nucITS, nucLSU, mtSSU and RPB2 markers recovered the new genus in the family Ramalinaceae with strong support. The genus is characterised by its thick, unstratified thallus composed entirely of soredia-like granules, the presence of 4-O-methylleprolomin, salazinic acid, zeorin and unknown terpenoid, and its phylogenetic position. The new combination, P. stephaniana (Elix, Flakus & Kukwa) Kukwa, Jabłońska, Kosecka & Guzow-Krzemińska, is proposed.

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Research Article Fri, 24 Mar 2023 15:54:04 +0200
Soil-borne Calonectria (Hypocreales, Nectriaceae) associated with Eucalyptus plantations in Colombia https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/96301/ MycoKeys 94: 17-35

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.94.96301

Authors: Nam Q. Pham, Seonju Marincowitz, ShuaiFei Chen, Carlos A. Rodas, Michael J. Wingfield

Abstract: Eucalyptus spp. are widely planted in Colombia as an important component of a growing paper and pulp industry. Leaf and shoot blight caused by Calonectria spp. was one of the first disease problems to emerge in these plantations. A survey of Eucalyptus plantations in four forestry regions of Colombia during 2016 resulted in a large number of Calonectria isolates from soil samples collected in the understories of trees having symptoms of Calonectria leaf and shoot blight. The aim of this study was to identify and resolve the phylogenetic relationships for these isolates using DNA sequence comparisons of six gene regions as well as morphological characters. From a collection of 107 isolates, seven Calonectria species residing in three species complexes were identified. Two of these represented undescribed species, namely C. exiguispora sp. nov. and C. guahibo sp. nov. Calonectria parvispora and C. spathulata were the most commonly isolated species, each of which accounted for approximately 30% of the isolates. The results suggest that Colombia has a wide diversity of Calonectria spp. and that these could challenge Eucalyptus plantation forestry in the future.

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Research Article Wed, 30 Nov 2022 16:56:26 +0200
New species of Sticta (lichenised Ascomycota, lobarioid Peltigeraceae) from Bolivia suggest a high level of endemism in the Central Andes https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/89960/ MycoKeys 92: 131-160

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.92.89960

Authors: Emilia Anna Ossowska, Bibiana Moncada, Martin Kukwa, Adam Flakus, Pamela Rodriguez-Flakus, Sandra Olszewska, Robert Lücking

Abstract: Six species of Sticta are described as new to science on the basis of material from Bolivia and supported by phylogenetic analysis of the fungal ITS barcoding marker. The species were resolved in all three of the clades (I, II, III) widespread and common in the Neotropics, as defined in an earlier study on the genus. Comparison with material from neighbouring countries (i.e. Colombia, Ecuador, Peru) suggests that these new species may be potentially endemic to the Bolivian Yungas ecoregion. For each species, a detailed morphological and anatomical description is given. Sticta amboroensis Ossowska, Kukwa, B. Moncada & Lücking is a medium-sized green-algal species with laminal to submarginal apothecia with hirsute margins and with light to dark brown lower tomentum. Sticta aymara Ossowska, Kukwa, B. Moncada, Flakus, Rodriguez-Flakus & Lücking is a comparatively small cyanobacterial taxon with Nostoc as photobiont, laminal, richly branched, aggregate isidia and a golden to chocolate-brown lower tomentum. The medium-sized, cyanobacterial S. bicellulata Ossowska, Kukwa, B. Moncada & Lücking has cyanobacterial photobiont, bicellular ascospores, apothecia with white to golden-brown hairs on the margins, K+ violet apothecial margin (ring around disc) and epihymenium and a white to dark brown lower tomentum. In contrast, the green-algal species, S. carrascoensis Ossowska, Kukwa, B. Moncada & Lücking is characterised by its large size, apothecia with dark brown hairs on the margins and a yellow medulla. The cyanobacterial S. catharinae Ossowska, B. Moncada, Kukwa, Flakus, Rodriguez-Flakus & Lücking forms stipitate thalli with Nostoc as photobiont, abundant, laminal to submarginal apothecia and a golden-brown lower tomentum. Finally, the cyanobacterial S. pseudoimpressula Ossowska, Kukwa, B. Moncada & Lücking produces laminal apothecia with an orange-yellow line of pruina along the margins which reacts K+ carmine-red. In addition to the six new Bolivian taxa, the cyanobacterial S. narinioana B. Moncada, Ossowska & Lücking is described as new from Colombia and it represents the closely-related sister species of the Bolivian S. aymara; it differs from the latter largely in the marginal instead of laminal isidia.

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Research Article Tue, 13 Sep 2022 10:30:48 +0300
Four new species in the Tremella fibulifera complex (Tremellales, Basidiomycota) https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/63241/ MycoKeys 82: 33-56

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.82.63241

Authors: Long-Fei Fan, Renato Lúcio Mendes Alvarenga, Tatiana Baptista Gibertoni, Fang Wu, Yu-Cheng Dai

Abstract: Samples of species close to Tremella fibulifera from China and Brazil are studied, and T. fibulifera is confirmed as a species complex including nine species. Five known species (T. cheejenii, T. fibulifera s.s., T. “neofibulifera”, T. lloydiae-candidae and T. olens) and four new species (T. australe, T. guangxiensis, T. latispora and T. subfibulifera) in the complex are recognized based on morphological characteristics, molecular evidence, and geographic distribution. Sequences of eight species of the complex were included in the phylogenetic analyses because T. olens lacks molecular data. The phylogenetic analyses were performed by a combined sequence dataset of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the partial nuclear large subunit rDNA (nLSU), and a combined sequence dataset of the ITS, partial nLSU, the small subunit mitochondrial rRNA gene (mtSSU), the translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1), the largest and second largest subunits of RNA polymerase II (RPB1 and RPB2). The eight species formed eight independent lineages with robust support in phylogenies based on both datasets. Illustrated description of the six species including Tremella fibulifera s.s., T. “neofibulifera” and four new species, and discussions with their related species, are provided. A table of the comparison of the important characteristics of nine species in the T. fibulifera complex and a key to the whitish species in Tremella s.s. are provided.

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Research Article Wed, 4 Aug 2021 15:09:13 +0300
Phylogeny and diversity of Bjerkandera (Polyporales, Basidiomycota), including four new species from South America and Asia https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/63908/ MycoKeys 79: 149-172

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.79.63908

Authors: Chao-Ge Wang, Josef Vlasák, Yu-Cheng Dai

Abstract: Four new species of Bjerkandera, viz. B. ecuadorensis, B. fulgida, B. minispora, and B. resupinata spp. nov., are described from tropical America and Asia. B. ecuadorensis is characterised by dark grey to black pore surface, a monomitic hyphal system, hyaline to yellowish-brown generative hyphae, and ellipsoid basidiospores measuring 3.9–4.5 × 2.7–3 μm. B. fulgida is distinguished from the other species in the genus by clay buff to pale brown and shiny pore surface. B. minispora is characterised by white tomentose pore mouth and small basidiospores measuring 3.1–4.2 × 2–2.8 μm. B. resupinata is characterised by resupinate basidiomata, pinkish buff to pale brownish pore surface, and ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid basidiospores measuring 4.5–6 × 3.2–4.1 µm. All these new species grow on angiosperm trunks or rotten wood, and cause a white rot. The closely related taxa to four new species are discussed. An identification key to the ten accepted species of Bjerkandera is provided, and a phylogeny comprising all known Bjerkandera species is provided.

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Research Article Mon, 26 Apr 2021 14:58:48 +0300
Delimitation, new species and teleomorph-anamorph relationships in Codinaea, Dendrophoma, Paragaeumannomyces and Striatosphaeria (Chaetosphaeriaceae) https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/57824/ MycoKeys 74: 17-74

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.74.57824

Authors: Martina Réblová, Jana Nekvindová, Jacques Fournier, Andrew N. Miller

Abstract: The Chaetosphaeriaceae are a diverse group of pigmented, predominantly phialidic hyphomycetes comprised of several holomorphic genera including Chaetosphaeria, the most prominent genus of the family. Although the morphology of the teleomorphs of the majority of Chaetosphaeria is rather uniform, their associated anamorphs primarily exhibit the variability and evolutionary change observed in the genus. An exception from the morphological monotony among Chaetosphaeria species is a group characterised by scolecosporous, hyaline to light pink, multiseptate, asymmetrical ascospores and a unique three-layered ascomatal wall. Paragaeumannomyces sphaerocellularis, the type species of the genus, exhibits these morphological traits and is compared with similar Chaetosphaeria with craspedodidymum- and chloridium-like synanamorphs. Morphological comparison and phylogenetic analyses of the combined ITS-28S sequences of 35 isolates and vouchers with these characteristics revealed a strongly-supported, morphologically well-delimited clade in the Chaetosphaeriaceae containing 16 species. The generic name Paragaeumannomyces is applied to this monophyletic clade; eight new combinations and five new species, i.e. P. abietinus sp. nov., P. elegans sp. nov., P. granulatus sp. nov., P. sabinianus sp. nov. and P. smokiensis sp. nov., are proposed. A key to Paragaeumannomyces is provided. Using morphology, cultivation studies and phylogenetic analyses of ITS and 28S rDNA, two additional new species from freshwater and terrestrial habitats, Codinaea paniculata sp. nov. and Striatosphaeria castanea sp. nov., are described in the family. A codinaea-like anamorph of S. castanea forms conidia with setulae at each end in axenic culture; this feature expands the known morphology of Striatosphaeria. A chaetosphaeria-like teleomorph is experimentally linked to Dendrophoma cytisporoides, a sporodochial hyphomycete and type species of Dendrophoma, for the first time.

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Research Article Mon, 19 Oct 2020 16:50:49 +0300
Two new species of Perenniporia (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/51652/ MycoKeys 69: 53-69

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.69.51652

Authors: Chao-Ge Wang, Shi-Liang Liu, Fang Wu

Abstract: Two new species of Perenniporia, P. pseudotephropora sp. nov. and P. subcorticola sp. nov., are introduced respectively from Brazil and China based on morphological characteristics and molecular data. Perenniporia pseudotephropora is characterised by perennial, pileate basidiocarps with distinctly stratified tubes, grey pores, tissues becoming dark in KOH, a dimitic hyphal system with slightly dextrinoid arboriform skeletal hyphae and broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, truncate, weakly dextrinoid, cyanophilous basidiospores, measuring 4.9–5.2 × 4–4.8 μm. Perenniporia subcorticola is characterised by resupinate basidiocarps, yellow pores with thick dissepiments, tissues becoming dark in KOH, flexuous skeletal hyphae, ellipsoid, truncate and slightly dextrinoid basidiospores, measuring 4.2–5 × 3.5–4.2 µm. The morphologically-similar species and phylogenetically closely-related species to the two new species are discussed.

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Research Article Fri, 10 Jul 2020 10:27:38 +0300
Longistriata flava (Boletaceae, Basidiomycota) – a new monotypic sequestrate genus and species from Brazilian Atlantic Forest https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/39699/ MycoKeys 62: 53-73

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.62.39699

Authors: Marcelo A. Sulzbacher, Takamichi Orihara, Tine Grebenc, Felipe Wartchow, Matthew E. Smith, María P. Martín, Admir J. Giachini, Iuri G. Baseia

Abstract: A new monotypic sequestrate genus, Longistriata is described based on collections from the Neotropical forest of Atlantic forest in Paraíba, Northeast Brazil – an area known for its high degree of endemism. The striking features of this new fungus are the hypogeous habit, the vivid yellow peridium in mature basidiomes, broadly ellipsoid basidiospores with a distinct wall that is ornamented with longitudinal striations and lageniform cystidia with rounded apices. Phylogenetic analysis, based on LSU and tef-1α regions, showed that the type species, Longistriata flava, is phylogenetically sister to the monotypic sequestrate African genus Mackintoshia in Boletaceae. Together these two species formed the earliest diverging lineage in the subfamily Zangioideae. Longistriata flava is found in nutrient-poor white sand habitats where plants in the genera Coccoloba (Polygonaceae) and Guapira (Nyctaginaceae) are the only potential ectomycorrhizal host symbionts.

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Research Article Mon, 3 Feb 2020 16:39:34 +0200
Behind the veil – exploring the diversity in Phallus indusiatus s.l. (Phallomycetidae, Basidiomycota) https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/35324/ MycoKeys 58: 103-127

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.58.35324

Authors: Tiara S. Cabral, Bianca DB. Silva, María P. Martín, Charles R. Clement, Kentaro Hosaka, Iuri G. Baseia

Abstract: Studies have demonstrated that many cosmopolitan species actually consist of divergent clades that present high levels of morphological stasis throughout their evolutionary histories. Phallus indusiatus s.l. has been described as a circum-tropical species. However, this distribution may actually reflect the lack of taxonomic resolution due to the small number of diagnostic morphological characters, which leads to the identification of new records as populations of P. indusiatus. Here, we examine the diversity of P. indusiatus-like species in Brazilian Amazonia. We show a clear congruence between detailed morphological data and ITS, nuc-LSU and atp6 based phylogenetic analyses and three new species are described within the Brazilian indusiate clade. These results highlight the importance of more detailed investigation, with the inclusion of molecular information, in Neotropical fungi.

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Research Article Wed, 2 Oct 2019 08:46:06 +0300
Phylogeny and species delimitations in the entomopathogenic genus Beauveria (Hypocreales, Ascomycota), including the description of B. peruviensis sp. nov. https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/35764/ MycoKeys 58: 47-68

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.58.35764

Authors: Danilo E. Bustamante, Manuel Oliva, Santos Leiva, Jani E. Mendoza, Leidy Bobadilla, Geysen Angulo, Martha S. Calderon

Abstract: The genus Beauveria is considered a cosmopolitan anamorphic and teleomorphic genus of soilborne necrotrophic arthropod-pathogenic fungi that includes ecologically and economically important species. Species identification in Beauveria is difficult because of its structural simplicity and the lack of distinctive phenotypic variation. Therefore, the use of multi-locus sequence data is essential to establish robust species boundaries in addition to DNA-based species delimitation methods using genetic distance, coalescent, and genealogical concordance approaches (polyphasic approaches). In this regard, our study used multilocus phylogeny and five DNA-based methods to delimit species in Beauveria using three molecular makers. These polyphasic analyses allowed for the delimitation of 20–28 species in Beauveria, confirming cryptic diversity in five species (i.e. B. amorpha, B. bassiana, B. diapheromeriphila, and B. pseudobassiana) and supporting the description of B. peruviensis as a new taxon from northeastern Peru. The other five species were not evaluated as they did not have enough data (i.e. B. araneola, B. gryllotalpidicola, B. loeiensis, B. medogensis, and B. rudraprayagi). Our results demonstrate that the congruence among different methods in a polyphasic approach (e.g. genetic distance and coalescence methods) is more likely to show reliably supported species boundaries. Among the methods applied in this study, genetic distance, coalescent approaches, and multilocus phylogeny are crucial when establishing species boundaries in Beauveria.

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Research Article Mon, 9 Sep 2019 08:57:43 +0300
Phylogenetic placement of Lepraria cryptovouauxii sp. nov. (Lecanorales, Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota) with notes on other Lepraria species from South America https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/33508/ MycoKeys 53: 1-22

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.53.33508

Authors: Beata Guzow-Krzemińska, Agnieszka Jabłońska, Adam Flakus, Pamela Rodriguez-Flakus, Magdalena Kosecka, Martin Kukwa

Abstract: Lepraria cryptovouauxii is described as a new semicryptic species similar to L. vouauxii, from which it differs geographically (South America) and phylogenetically; both species differ in nucleotide position characters in nucITS barcoding marker. Lepraria harrisiana is reported as new to South America and L. nothofagi as new to Antarctica, Bolivia, and Peru. Lepraria incana (South American records are referred to L. aff. hodkinsoniana) and L. vouauxii (most South American records are referred to L. cryptovouauxii) should be excluded at least temporarily from the lichen list of South America. All records previously referred to as L. alpina from Bolivia and Peru belong to L. nothofagi. Most of Bolivian records of L. pallida belong to L. harrisiana. Lepraria borealis and L. caesioalba should be included in L. neglecta. Lepraria achariana, L. impossibilis, and L. sipmaniana are sequenced for the first time.

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Research Article Mon, 20 May 2019 15:51:50 +0300
More pieces to a huge puzzle: Two new Escovopsis species from fungus gardens of attine ants https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/30951/ MycoKeys 46: 97-118

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.46.30951

Authors: Quimi Vidaurre Montoya, Maria Jesus Sutta Martiarena, Danilo Augusto Polezel, Sérgio Kakazu, Andre Rodrigues

Abstract: Escovopsis (Ascomycota: Hypocreales, Hypocreaceae) is the only known parasite of the mutualistic fungi cultivated by fungus-growing ants (Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Attini: Attina, the “attines”). Despite its ecological role, the taxonomy and systematics of Escovopsis have been poorly addressed. Here, based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses with three molecular markers (internal transcribed spacer, large subunit ribosomal RNA and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha), we describe Escovopsis clavatus and E. multiformis as new species isolated from fungus gardens of Apterostigma ant species. Our analysis shows that E. clavatus and E. multiformis belong to the most derived Escovopsis clade, whose main character is the presence of conidiophores with vesicles. Nevertheless, the most outstanding feature of both new species is the presence of a swollen region in the central hypha of the conidiophore named swollen cell, which is absent in all previously described Escovopsis species. The less derived Escovopsis clades lack vesicles and their phylogenetic position within the Hypocreaceae still remains unclear. Considering the high genetic diversity in Escovopsis, the description of these new species adds barely two pieces to a huge taxonomic puzzle; however, this discovery is an important piece for building the systematics of this group of fungi.

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Research Article Mon, 18 Feb 2019 09:48:30 +0200
Detection of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with pecan (Carya illinoinensis) trees by molecular and morphological approaches https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/26118/ MycoKeys 42: 73-88

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.42.26118

Authors: L. Fernández Bidondo, R. P. Colombo, M. Recchi, V. A. Silvani, M. Pérgola, A. Martínez, A. M. Godeas

Abstract: Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal community associated with pecan (Carya illinoinensis) roots and rhizospheric soils was assessed by spore isolation and morphological characterisation and by pyrosequencing of AM molecular markers. The AM fungal community associated with pecan growing in the field, was always more diverse than that associated with pecan growing in containers. This was not observed when AM richness was studied, suggesting that soil disturbance by a reduction in host plant richness leads to a less equitable distribution of AM fungal species, in contrast to natural soils. The chosen primers (AMV4.5F/AMDGR) for pyrosequencing showed high AM fungal specificity. Based on 97% sequence similarity, 49 operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) were obtained and, amongst these, 41 MOTUs corresponded to the Glomeromycota phylum. The number of obtained AM sequences ranged from 2164, associated with field samples, to 5572 obtained from pecan trap pot culture samples, defining 30 and 29 MOTUs, respectively. Richness estimated by conventional species identification was 6 and 9 AM fungal species in soil and pot samples, respectively. Claroideoglomus lamellosum, Funneliformis mosseae and Entrophospora infrequens were the only taxa detected using both techniques. Predominant sequences in the pecan rhizosphere samples, such as Rhizoglomus irregulare and other less abundant (Dominikia iranica, Dominikia indica, Sclerocystis sinuosa, Paraglomus laccatum), were detected only by pyrosequencing. Detection of AM fungal species based on spore morphology, in combination with molecular approaches, provides a more comprehensive estimate of fungal community composition.

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Research Article Fri, 30 Nov 2018 17:27:00 +0200
A discussion on the genus Fomitiporella (Hymenochaetaceae, Hymenochaetales) and first record of F. americana from southern South America https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/27310/ MycoKeys 38: 77-91

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.38.27310

Authors: María Belén Pildain, Rodrigo Reinoso Cendoya, Beatriz Ortiz-Santana, José Becerra, Mario Rajchenberg

Abstract: Fomitiporella has traditionally been delimited based on the gross morphology of the basidiomes, hyphal structure and basdiospores. Recently, phylogenetic studies supported the incorporation of an extensive number of species within the genus. Although most of its species are nested in the ‘Phellinotus clade’ (Hymenochaetaceae, Basidiomycota), genera such as Arambarria, Inocutis and Phellinotus were not included in previous analysis. To further our understanding of the genus, new sequences from 28S and ITS nuc rDNA genes were jointly analysed with a large selection of taxa in the ‘Phellinotus clade’, also with re-examination of morphological and ecological data. Results showed several lineages in what has hitherto been considered to represent Fomitiporella, indicating that the genus is paraphyletic as presently circumscribed. There is a well-supported Fomitiporella core group that includes the type species and nine other monophyletic lineages with high support, of which those representing Arambarria, Inocutis and Phellinotus are distinct from the Fomitiporella core group by macro and micromorphological traits and/or biogeographic distribution. Fomitiporella americana, a species described from SE USA, was found in the Patagonian forests of southern Argentina and Chile; it is the taxon responsible for the white heart-rot found on standing Austrocedrus chilensis and one of the taxa decaying wooden tiles of historic churches in Chiloé Is., Chile.

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Research Article Tue, 28 Aug 2018 16:13:10 +0300
Reclassification of Parapterulicium Corner (Pterulaceae, Agaricales), contributions to Lachnocladiaceae and Peniophoraceae (Russulales) and introduction of Baltazaria gen. nov. https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/26303/ MycoKeys 37: 39-56

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.37.26303

Authors: Caio A. Leal-Dutra, Maria Alice Neves, Gareth W. Griffith, Mateus A. Reck, Lina A. Clasen, Bryn T. M. Dentinger

Abstract: The genus Parapterulicium was first introduced to accommodate two Brazilian species of coralloid fungi with affinities to Pterulaceae (Agaricales). Despite the coralloid habit and the presence of skeletal hyphae, other features, notably the presence of gloeocystidia, dichophyses and papillate hyphal ends, differentiate this genus from Pterulaceaesensu stricto. Fieldwork in Brazil resulted in the rediscovery of two coralloid fungi identifiable as Parapterulicium, the first verified collections of this genus since Corner’s original work in the 1950s. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of nrITS and nrLSU sequences from these modern specimens revealed affinities with the /peniophorales clade in the Russulales, rather than Pterulaceae. The presence of distinctive hyphal elements, homologous to the defining features of /peniophorales, is consistent with the phylogenetic evidence and thus clearly distinguished Parapterulicium and its type species P. subarbusculum from Pterulaceae, placing this genus within /peniophorales. Parapterulicium was also found to be polyphyletic so Baltazaria gen. nov. is proposed to accommodate P. octopodites, Scytinostroma galactinum, S. neogalactinum and S. eurasiaticogalactinum also within /peniophorales.

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Research Article Tue, 31 Jul 2018 10:32:46 +0300
New species in Cortinarius section Cortinarius (Agaricales) from the Americas and Australasia https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/5409/ MycoKeys 11: 1-21

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.11.5409

Authors: Emma Harrower, Neale L. Bougher, Caitlin Winterbottom, Terry W. Henkel, Egon Horak, P. Brandon Matheny

Abstract: Five new species from Cortinarius sect. Cortinarius are formally described, four from the Americas (Cortinarius palatinus Harrower, sp. nov., Cortinarius atrotomentosus Harrower, sp. nov., Cortinarius altissimus Harrower & T.W. Henkel, sp. nov., Cortinarius neotropicus Harrower, sp. nov.) and one from Australasia (Cortinarius carneipallidus Harrower & E. Horak, sp. nov.) based on molecular, morphological, and ecological circumscription. Additional collections of the Australasian species Cortinarius hallowellensis Wood and Cortinarius kioloensis Wood reveal wider host associations and geographic ranges than previously recorded. Morphological descriptions, photomicrographs and a dichotomous key to all species in Cortinarius sect. Cortinarius are provided. This work raises the number of species in sect. Cortinarius to twelve.

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Research Article Thu, 3 Sep 2015 09:59:29 +0300
Pycnopulvinus aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov., a new sporocarp-forming member of Pucciniomycotina https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/4215/ MycoKeys 8: 43-50

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.8.7676

Authors: Merje Toome, M. Catherine Aime

Abstract: An unusual fungus producing minute orange stilboid sporocarps was found on a palm leaf mid-rib in a Neotropical forest. Morphological observations could not place this collection into any previously described species or genus and, due to an absence of sexual structures, even higher level placement was uncertain. Phylogenetic analysis of a portion of the large subunit and the internal transcribed spacer of the nuclear ribosomal DNA indicated that this fungus is related to Heterogastridium pycnidioideum and belongs to Heterogastridiales, Microbotryomycetes (Pucciniomycotina). A new genus and species, Pycnopulvinus aurantiacus, are proposed here to accommodate this fungus.

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Research Article Mon, 3 Nov 2014 00:00:00 +0200
DNA barcode identification of lichen-forming fungal species in the Rhizoplaca melanophthalma species-complex (Lecanorales, Lecanoraceae), including five new species https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/1201/ MycoKeys 7: 1-22

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.7.4508

Authors: Steven Leavitt, Fernando Fernández-Mendoza, Sergio Pérez-Ortega, Mohammad Sohrabi, Pradeep Divakar, Thorsten Lumbsch, Larry St. Clair

Abstract: Recent studies using sequence data from multiple loci and coalescent-based species delimitation have revealed several species-level lineages within the phenotypically circumscribed taxon Rhizoplaca melanophthalma sensu lato. Here, we formally describe five new species within this group, R. occulta, R. parilis, R. polymorpha, R. porterii, and R. shushanii, using support from the coalescent-based species delimitation method implemented in the program Bayesian Phylogenetics and Phylogeography (BPP) as the diagnostic feature distinguishing new species. We provide a reference DNA sequence database using the ITS marker as a DNA barcode for identifying species within this complex. We also assessed intraspecific genetic distances within the six R. melanophthalma sensu lato species. While intraspecific genetic distances within the five new species were less than or equal to the lowest interspecific pairwise comparison values, an overlap in genetic distances within the R. melanophthalma sensu stricto clade suggests the potential for additional phenotypically cryptic lineages within this broadly distributed lineage. Overall, our results demonstrate the potential for accurately identifying species within the R. melanophthalma group by using molecular-based identification methods.

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Research Article Thu, 9 May 2013 00:00:00 +0300