Xylaria hedyosmicola (FCATAS 856, holotype) a, b, e stromata on leaves (b, FCATAS 857) c stromatal surface d section through stroma, showing a perithecium f immature asci in water g, h ascal apical ring in Melzer’s reagent i, j ascospores in Melzer’s reagent k ascus in 1% SDS l, m asci and ascal apical ring in Melzer’s reagent n ascospore in Melzer’s reagent showing straight germ slit o ascospore in Melzer’s reagent showing slightly sigmoid germ slit p, q ascospore showing a slimy sheath and non-cellular appendages in India ink. Scale bars: 1 cm (a, b); 0.1 mm (c, d); 0.5 mm (e); 20 µm (f, m); 10 µm (g–l, n–q).