Corresponding author: Paula Andrea Gómez-Zapata (
Academic editor: N. Wijayawardene
Studies of
Gómez-Zapata PA, Haelewaters D, Quijada L, Pfister DH, Aime MC (2021) Notes on
The genus
In our current circumscription of the genus
Most species of
Most
Here, we describe two new species,
Samples were collected in the field and from fungaria. One collection of
Methods to study the morphological characteristics of the
* living state;
† dead state;
Genomic DNA was isolated from 1–3 apothecia per specimen using the E.Z.N.A. HP Fungal DNA Kit (Omega Bio-Tek, Norcross, Georgia), QIAamp DNA Micro Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, California), following the manufacturer’s instructions, and the Extract-N-Amp Plant PCR Kit (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Missouri), following
Edited sequences were blasted against the NCBI GenBank nucleotide database (
For the purpose of species delimitation, we constructed a second dataset of
Sequences used in phylogenetic analyses. Accession numbers in boldface indicate sequences that were generated during the course of this study.
Isolate | Species | Family |
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Reference |
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KL391 |
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AD283531T |
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AFTOL-ID 59 |
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HMAS:187063 |
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W.Y. Zhuang et al. (unpubl.) | ||
KL375 |
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KL378 |
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KL157 |
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KL174 |
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KL377 |
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KL276 | “ |
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KL243 | “ |
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KL390 |
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KL167 |
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KP606 |
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KL21 |
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KL152 |
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KL247 |
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KL238 |
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KL212 |
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KL254 |
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KL317 |
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SK80 |
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TU:109263 |
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KL111 |
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KL108 |
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KL107 |
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KL106 |
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KL92 |
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KL164 |
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KL304 |
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KL244 |
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KL20 |
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HMAS:71954 |
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KL216 |
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KL299 |
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KL231 |
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KL239 |
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KL154 |
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KL301 |
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CBS:811.85 |
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LL95 |
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AFTOL-ID 169 |
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KL374 |
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KL98 |
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PDD:112240 |
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P.R. Johnston and D. Park (unpubl.) | ||
KL267 |
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AFTOL-ID 907 |
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KL292 |
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KL291 |
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KL290 |
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KL222 |
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KL310 |
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KL234 |
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KL217 |
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KL160 |
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KL393 |
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KL288 |
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CBS:273.74T |
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KL347 |
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KL156 |
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KL344 |
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CBS:499.50 |
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NY:01231276 |
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TH90 |
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This study | ||
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This study | ||
KL332 |
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KL336 |
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F18316T |
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This study | ||||
CBS:144206T |
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KL253 |
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The concatenated six-locus dataset consisted of 11343 characters, of which 2655 were parsimony-informative. The percentage of parsimony-informative characters per locus was 9.3% for
The best-scoring
The second two-locus dataset consisted of 2284 characters (
The best-scoring
Differs from
Morphological features of
Comparative table of currently accepted species of
Species | Host Plant | Host Family | Asci (µm) | Ascospores (µm) | Reference | ||
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Length | Width | Length | Width | ||||
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80 | 12 | 15–18 | 4–5 |
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50–60 | 6–7 | 8 | 4 |
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45–68 | 7–8 | 7–8 | 2–3 |
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(50.5)57–65.5(66) | (4.5)5–6 | (5.8)6.2–7.2 | 2.6–2.8 | This study |
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Lardizabaleae | 70–80 | 8–9 | 14–15 | 4 |
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no data | no data | 6–7 | 1.5 |
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60–70 | 8–10 | 9–12.5 | 3.5–5 |
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38–40 | 6–7 | 10–13 | 3 |
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50–60 | 8–12 | 6–8 | 4–5 |
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no data | 7 | 6–8.2 | 3–4.5 |
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75–95 | 17–20 | 15–17 | 8 |
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32 | 6 | 8–10 | 0.8 |
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50–60 | 7–9 | 9–14 | 3.5–4.5 |
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75–80 | 9–10 | 9–11 | 3.5–4.5 |
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60–76 | 8.5–10 | 10–12.5 | 3.5–4.5 | Greenhalgh and |
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57.6–93.4 | 6.6–9.6 | 9.8–15.9 | 2.7–5.1 |
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50–70 | 25 | 13–14 | 6–7 |
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40–45 | 5–6 | 8–9 | 1–1.5 |
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45–60 | 8–9 | 7–10 | 3.5–4 |
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50–65 | 6–9 | 7.5–10 | 3–3.75 |
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Lauracaee | 45–50 | 7 | 8–9 | 3 |
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38–45 | 7–8 | 7–9 | 3–3.5 |
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55–60 | 7 | 10–12 | 2.5 |
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Oleacae | no data | no data | no data | no data |
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60–70 | 11–14 | 14–18 | 5 |
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80 | 15 | 14 | 7 | Spegazzini (1881) |
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50–60 | 10 | 9–10 | 3 |
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42–50 | 12–16 | 18–25 | 4–4.5 |
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65–70 | 10–12 | 18–20 | 6 |
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no data | no data | no data | no data |
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40–55 | 5.5–7 | 5–7 | 1.5–2 |
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40 | 5–6 | 10 | 1–1.5 |
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no data | no data | no data | no data |
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60 | 9 | 12–14 | 6 | Rehm (1884) |
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Symplocaeae | 65–85 | 5–7 | 8–11 | 4–5 |
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40–55 | 6–7 | 5–8 | 2.5–4 |
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58–72 | 7.7–9.6 | 12–15 | 3.4–4.8 |
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(86.4)102.4–111.2(121.8) | (9.1)10.5–11.6(13.1) | (7.6)9.0–9.7(10.9) | (5.1)6.3–7.1(8.1) | This study |
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no data | no data | 55–60 | 3.5–4 | 8–11 | 1.2–1.7 | Zhuang et al. (1990) |
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40–50 | 10–12 | 12–13 | 5 |
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Differs from
Morphological features of
Holotype: Reliquiae Farlowiana No. 723; Trinidad and Tobago, Port of Spain, Trinidad, Maraval Valley, ca.
Referring to the intimate association of the fungus with the uredinia of
A second duplicate of the Reliquiae Farlowiana No. 723 is also deposited at PUR (accession PUR F1098). However, no apothecia were present on this specimen, nor could additional specimens of
In 2018, P.R. Johnston collected two specimens (PDD:112240, PDD:112242,
The genus
Species in
This study represents the first attempt to investigate the systematics of
Thus far, members of
South America is known to be one of the most biodiverse continents in the world (
Our work emphasizes the importance of specimens preserved in biological collections – such as fungaria and herbaria – for studies of biodiversity and applied biological sciences, and for climate change research (
The National Park Service at the Boston Harbor Islands (