Corresponding author: Hyppolite L. Aïgnon (
Academic editor: Zai-Wei Ge
Here, we describe three new species of
Aïgnon HL, Jabeen S, Naseer A, Yorou NS, Ryberg M (2021) Three new species of
Recently,
In this study, we describe three new species of
Specimens were collected in Benin in Okpara Forest (
The habitats are woodland dominated by
Specimens were photographed in the field with a digital camera Sony FE. Colour codes are described using
of specimens were rehydrated and examined directly in 3% potassium hydroxide (
Genomic DNA was extracted from dried specimens by QIAGEN® plant mini kit following the manufacturer’s instructions and PCR products were cleaned using ExoSAP-IT (
Nineteen new sequences were generated (Table
For phylogenetic analysis, the dataset of
For Bayesian Inference (
List of species, geographic origin and GenBank accession numbers of
Species | Voucher | Country |
|
|
|
References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PBM3174 | Australia |
|
|
|
|
|
Trappe 24844 | New South Wales |
|
|
|
||
BRI:AQ669485 | Australia |
|
|
|
|
|
TH1009, TH10379 | Cameroon |
|
|
|
|
|
PBM3188 | Australia |
|
|
|
|
|
MCA7031, TH9866 | Cameroon |
|
|
|
|
|
JV 16501F, JV11290F | Finland |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
||||
BRF4157 | Benin |
|
Unpublished | |||
CAL 1358 | India |
|
|
|
||
AU10560, TENN:062779 | Canada, USA |
|
|
|
|
|
EL9406 | Sweden |
|
|
Unpublished | ||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|||
PC96082 | Zambia |
|
|
|
||
PBM3384 | Australia |
|
|
|
||
PBM1105 | USA |
|
|
|
|
|
TBGT:12047 | India |
|
|
|
|
|
SJ04024, TURA:4761 | Sweden, Finland |
|
|
|
|
|
EL70A03 | Sweden |
|
|
|
||
TENN:065729 | Australia |
|
|
Unpublished | ||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
EL10606 | Sweden |
|
|
|
||
CAL 1309 | India |
|
|
|
|
|
PBM2451 | USA |
|
|
|
|
|
MR00020 | Sweden |
|
|
|
||
PBM 2222,UBC F33244 | USA,Canada |
|
|
|
||
96234 (PC) | Zambia |
|
|
|
|
|
PBM4108, PBM2953 | USA |
|
|
|
|
|
PBM 2452 | USA |
|
|
|
||
PAM01091310 | France |
|
|
|
||
PAM00090117 | France |
|
|
|
||
PBM 2459, PBM3311 | USA |
|
|
|
|
|
PBM3784 | Australia |
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DB166 | Democratic Republic of the Congo |
|
|
|||
PC 96013 | Zambia |
|
|
|
|
|
BB3233 | Zambia |
|
|
|
||
G1842 | Zambia |
|
Unpublished | |||
TR220_06 | Papua New Guinea |
|
|
|
|
|
L-GN3a | Papua New Guinea |
|
|
|||
Zam07 | Zambia |
|
|
|||
PBM3406 | Australia |
|
|
Unpublished | ||
TJB10045 | Thailand |
|
|
|
|
|
PC 96073 | Zambia |
|
|
|
|
|
PC:96080 | Zambia |
|
Unpublished | |||
TENN:062709, PBM 2951 | USA |
|
|
|
|
|
PBM3767 | Australia |
|
|
|
|
|
TBGT:753 | India |
|
|
|
|
|
JV19652F | Finland |
|
|
|
|
|
REH10168 | USA |
|
|
|
|
|
EL11704, JV 16431 | Sweden |
|
|
|
||
PBM4138 | USA |
|
|
|
|
|
PBM 1481 | USA |
|
|
|
||
TENN066442 | Guyana |
|
|
|
|
|
BRI:AQ794010, PERTH:08556466 | Australia |
|
|
|
||
PBM3751 | Australia |
|
|
|
|
|
TR194-02 (M) | Papua New Guinea |
|
|
|
|
|
AH25500 AH20390 | Spain |
|
|
|
||
RFS0805 | Spain |
|
|
|
|
|
P05112008 | France |
|
|
|
|
Pileus 8.5–15 mm diam., convex to plane, uniform, surface fibrillose, vinaceous to red (8F8), surface rimose, dry. Lamellae moderately close, subventricose, narrowly attached, 0.5–1 mm deep; vinaceous, sometimes light pinkish (8F8), edges fimbriate, vinaceous (8B8). Stipe 15–23 × 0.5–1 mm, cylindrical, central, fibrillose, swollen, bulbous at the base, veil none with the lower two thirds pinkish-white (8A3) and the upper third light vinaceous (8A5). Odour and taste not distinctive. Basidiospores (6.2) 8–10 (10.3) × (3.8) 4–6.8 (7) μm, avl × avw = 8.3 × 5.3 μm, Q = (1.2) 1.1–2.1 (2.2), avQ = 1.6, smooth, (sub) globose to cylindrical, sometimes ellipsoid. Basidia 18–47 × 7–10 μm, clavate, 3–4 sterigmate, hyaline. Cheilocystidia 22–54 × 8–12 μm, cylindrical to clavate, thin-walled, hyaline. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis a cutis with cylindrical, smooth, thin-walled hyphae, 6–20 μm diam., negative reaction of pileus surface in
Currently known from Benin, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Togo.
Scattered in Tropical Woodlands dominated by
Benin, Borgou Province, N’dali Region:
Pileus 13–18 mm diam., undulating plane, fibrillose, margin rimose, orange-brown to somewhat cinnamon, greyish-white (8E5), splitting at edge. Lamellae 2–2.5 mm deep, moderately close, narrowly attached, pale grey brown (9B5) to dark brown (9D5), sinuate. Stipe 10–22 × 2–2.5 mm, central, equal, marginate bulb, white to pinkish-buff (7A2), velar remnants. Odour and taste not distinctive. Basidiospores (7.1) 8–12.1 (14) × (4) 4.2–6.7(7) μm, avl × avw = 9.6 × 5.4 μm, Q = (1.3) 1.2–2.3(2.6), avQ = 1.8, smooth, elongate, thick-walled. Basidia (25) 28–40 × 6–12 μm, tetrasporic. Cheilocystidia 20–25 × 10–12 μm, clavate, thin-walled hyaline. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis a cutis, thin-walled hyphae, 3–12 μm diam., cylindrical. Stipitipellis a cutis with subparallel hyphae 3–15 μm diam., septate, filamentous, subhymenium of compact hyphae, any reaction of pileus surface in
Currently known from Benin and Zambia.
Scattered in Woodland dominated by
Benin, Collines Province, Kilibo Region:
Characterised by yellow to orange-brown pileus, 7–12 × 4–7 μm smooth, thick-walled, ellipsoid basidiospores with cheilocystidia measuring 23–41 × 7–10 μm, clavate, thin-walled.
Pileus 28–38 mm diam., umbonate, yellow (5A3) to orange brown (5C5), dark brown in middle, convex when young, plane at maturity, hard, surface rimose, dry. Lamellae emarginated, adnexed and decurrent, yellow brown (5B5). Stipe 27–39 × 5–6 mm, central, cylindrical, uniform; white, equal, solid, hard, base slightly swollen to bulbous, pruinose at the apex. Basidiospores (7.1) 9.2–11.2 (12) × (4.1) 5.7–7 (7.2) μm, avl × avw = 9.2 × 5.7 μm, Q = (1.2) 1.6–2.1 (2.5), avQ = 1.6, smooth, ellipsoid. Basidia 24–40 × 6–14 μm, clavate, 2–4 spored. Cheilocystidia 23–41 × 7–10 μm, clavate, thin walled. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis a cutis thin-walled hyphae 4–16 μm diam., subparallel, compact hyphae, negative reaction of pileus surface in
Currently known only from Benin in Soudano-Guinean zone.
Gregarious under Woodland dominated by
Benin, Tchaorou, Borgou Province, Okpara Forest:
In the phylogenetic tree (Figure
Macromorphology of:
Microscopic structures of
Microscopic structures of
Microscopic structures of
1 | Basidiomata large, pileus 28–38 mm diam., yellow to orange-brown, surface clearly rimose, lamellae adnexed and decurrent, subdistant |
|
– | Basidiomata small, pileus 8.5–15 mm diam., fibrillose, lamellae close |
|
2 | Pileus vinaceous to red, basidiospores 8–10 × 4–7, (sub) globose to cylindrical, sometimes ellipsoid |
|
– | Pileus orange-brown to somewhat cinnamon, greyish-white, basidiospores 8–14 × 4–7 μm, elongate |
|
For an evolutionarily-consistent taxonomy, we propose the following combination:
This species is placed in the old
The new species exhibit the overall characteristics often observed in
Phylogenetically,
The position of each of these new species is confirmed by single data from
We are grateful to the Rufford Small Grants Foundation (grant n° 30738-2) which allowed us to collect some additional samples analysed in this paper, the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (grant n° 226-2014-1109) for funding molecular analysis and the Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD, grant n° PKZ 300499) for granting the University of Parakou with a microscope, type Leica DM5700, that enabled us to perform microscopic investigations. Anneli SVANHOLM, Bobby SULISTYO and Brandan FURNEAUX (Systematic Biology programme, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University) are thanked for their assistance during molecular analyses. We also thank Kassim TCHAN ISSIFFOU and Evans CODJIA (MyTIPS Research Unit, University of Parakou) for their assistance during field data collection. P. Brandon MATHENY (Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, USA) and an anonymous reviewer are thanked for their corrections and suggestions to improve our paper.
Partition for phylogeny analysis
phylogeny data