Corresponding author: Hai-Sheng Yuan (
Academic editor: Alfredo Vizzini
Three new stipitate hydnoid fungi,
Mu Y-H, Hu Y-P, Wei Y-L, Yuan H-S (2020) Hydnaceous fungi of China 8. Morphological and molecular identification of three new species of
The genus
Species of
The genus
Most species of
Investigations of hydnaceous fungi in China have been carried out in recent decades and many
Specimens are deposited at the herbarium of the
Fungal taxa and strains used in this study are listed in Table
Voucher numbers, geographic origins and GenBank accession numbers for the specimens and included, in boldface, are sequences produced in this study.
Species | Geographic origin | Voucher number | GenBank Accessions | |
---|---|---|---|---|
|
28S | |||
Australia | Isotype in M |
|
|
|
Norway | OF29502 |
|
|
|
|
Norway | EBendiksen177-07 |
|
|
Norway | OF242763 |
|
|
|
Norway | OF294095 |
|
|
|
Norway | EBendiksen584-11 |
|
|
|
Norway | EBendiksen575-11 |
|
|
|
USA | REB-329 |
|
||
USA | REB-71 |
|
||
Norway | O-F-251488 |
|
||
USA | REB-88 |
|
||
USA | REB-169 |
|
||
Finland | TU115384 |
|
|
|
Estonia | TU111191 |
|
||
USA | SEW 85 |
|
||
Canada | KAH13873 |
|
||
Italy | ML902162HY |
|
||
Cyprus | ML61211HY |
|
||
USA | REB-75 |
|
||
USA | REB-375 |
|
||
Sweden | ELarsson197-14 |
|
|
|
Norway | OF297319 |
|
|
|
USA | REB-176 |
|
||
USA | REB-324 |
|
||
Norway | OF66379 |
|
|
|
Norway | OF296213 |
|
|
|
Sweden | GB-0113779 |
|
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|
Sweden | ELarsson219-11 |
|
|
|
Sweden | SLund140912 |
|
|
|
Sweden | ELarsson170-14 |
|
|
|
Norway | EBendiksen567-11 |
|
|
|
Sweden | ELarsson174-14 |
|
|
|
USA | REB-94 |
|
||
USA | REB-67 |
|
||
USA | REB-332 |
|
||
USA | SEW 93 |
|
||
USA | REB-352 |
|
||
USA | REB-3 |
|
||
USA | REB-78 |
|
||
USA | REB-52 |
|
||
UK | RBG Kew K(M)124986 |
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||
Norway | SSvantesson877 |
|
|
|
Sweden | ELarsson8-14 |
|
|
|
USA | SEW 55 |
|
||
Spain | SC-2011 |
|
||
|
||||
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||||
|
China | Wei 8094 |
|
|
China | Shi 181 |
|
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Sweden | SWesterberg110909 |
|
|
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Norway | OF242833 |
|
|
|
Sweden | BNylen130918 |
|
|
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Norway | AMolia160201 |
|
|
|
USA | OSC 113641 |
|
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USA | OSC 107844 |
|
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|
Sweden | Edvinson110926 |
|
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Sweden | JNitare060916 |
|
|
|
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China | Yuan 1247 |
|
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China | Wei 8120 |
|
|
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China | Wei 8075 |
|
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China | Wei 8128 |
|
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China | Wei 8097 |
|
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Norway | SSvantesson355 |
|
|
|
Sweden | ELarsson384-10 |
|
|
|
Sweden | Nitare110829 |
|
|
|
Sweden | KHjortstam17589 |
|
|
|
Sweden | JNitare110829 |
|
|
|
Sweden | RGCarlsson10-065 |
|
|
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Norway | OF296099 |
|
|
|
Sweden | PHedberg080811 |
|
|
|
|
China | Dai 5686 |
|
|
|
China | Wei 8365 |
|
|
China | Wei 8329 |
|
|
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Norway | OF295814 |
|
|
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Norway | OF242639 |
|
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Sweden | ADelin110804 |
|
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Norway | OF242435 |
|
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Italy | JC-20090718.2 |
|
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USA | TENN |
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||
Mexico | FCME:23240 |
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USA | REB-351 |
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Norway | OF292320 |
|
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Norway | OF360777 |
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Norway | OF295554 |
|
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Norway | OF177452 |
|
|
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USA | REB-358 |
|
||
USA | REB-119 |
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||
Sweden | RGCarlsson11-08 |
|
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Sweden | RGCarlsson13-057 |
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|
SL71 |
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|||
TPML20130628-34 |
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SFC20140822-38 |
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|||
Italy | OTU9 |
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||
New Caledonia | CY13_061 |
|
|
|
China | LL_119 |
|
||
Mexico | GO-2009-415 |
|
||
New Zealand | PDD:105158 |
|
|
Nuclear ribosomal RNA genes were used to determine the phylogenetic position of the new species. After
The combined
Maximum likelihood tree illustrating the phylogeny of
Differs from
Basidiocarps annual, solitary to gregarious, soft and fleshy when fresh, becoming firm and light in weight upon drying; taste none, odour farinaceous when dry. Pileus planar, ellipsoid when young, later round with age, up to 35 mm across and 4–8 mm thick at centre. Pileal surface reddish-brown (8D5) to dark brown (8F8), azonate, pubescent, floccose to felted when fresh, becoming smooth, rugose, scrobiculate when dry; margin white (7A1) when fresh, greyish-brown (7D3) with age, incurved, rarely lobed. Spine surface white (4A1) to yellowish-white (4A2) when fresh, brownish-orange (5C5) to yellowish-brown (5F6) when dry; spines up to 2.1 mm long, base up to 0.3 mm diam., conical, 3–5 per mm, decurrent on stipe, without spines at pileus margin, brittle when dry. Context not duplex, up to 6 mm thick, light brown (5D5), firm; Stipe central, up to 5.5 cm long and 1.3 cm diam., fleshy, greyish-brown (8D3) to violet brown (10F7) when fresh, becoming hollow with age, greyish-orange (5B3) to dark brown (7F7) upon drying, rugous, columniform or attenuate below with bulbous base when old.
Hyphal structure. Hyphal system monomitic; generative hyphae with simple-septa,
Context. Generative hyphae hyaline, thin-walled, rarely branched, simple-septate, inflated, partly short-celled, interwoven, mostly 4–10 μm diam.
Spines. Tramal hyphae hyaline, thin-walled, frequently branched, more or less parallel along spines, frequently simple-septate, straight, 2–5 μm diam. Cystidia and cystidioles absent. Basidia clavate, thin-walled, with four sterigmata (3.1–5.2 μm long), simple-septate at base, 16.5–50 × 6.2–9.4 μm; basidioles similar to basidia.
Basidiospores irregular subglobose, brown, thin-walled, tuberculate,
–
A basidiocarp of
SEM of basidiospores of
Microscopic structures of
Differs from
Basidiocarps annual, solitary to gregarious, soft and freshy when fresh, becoming fragile and light in weight upon drying; taste none, odour mildly fragrant when dry. Pileus infundibuliform or circular when young, later planar and ellipsoid to round with age, occasionally deeply fissured, up to 75 mm diam. and 4–8 mm thick at centre. Pileal surface pale orange (6A3) to dark ruby (12F8), azonate, glabrous with ascending, broad and dark brown (9F5) scales when fresh, becoming scabrous, rugose when dry; margin inflexed and wavy, sometimes lobed with age. Spine surface white (4A1) to pale yellow (4A3) when fresh, light brown (6D6) to dark brown (6F8) when dry; spines up to 1.4 mm long, base up to 0.3 mm diam., conical, 4–6 per mm, strongly decurrent on stipe, without spines at pileus margin, brittle when dry. Context not duplex, up to 5 mm thick, greyish-orange (5B5), firm; Stipe central to lateral, up to 9.5 cm long and 2 cm diam., fleshy when fresh, firm upon drying, brownish-yellow (5C7) to dark brown (7F7), creased, inside solid, cylindrical or attenuate below with bulbous base when old.
Hyphal structure. Hyphal system monomitic; generative hyphae with simple-septa,
Context. Generative hyphae hyaline, thin-walled, rarely branched, simple-septate, inflated, interwoven, mostly 7–11 μm diam.
Spines. Tramal hyphae hyaline, thin-walled, occasionally branched, more or less parallel along spines, frequently simple-septate, straight, 2–5 μm diam. Cystidia and cystidioles absent. Basidia clavate, thin-walled, with four sterigmata (2.5–5 μm long), simple-septate at base, 23.5–55.5 × 5.3–8.2 μm; basidioles similar to basidia.
Basidiospores irregular ellipsoid to globose, brown, thin-walled, tuberculate,
–
Basidiocarps of
SEM of basidiospores of
Microscopic structures of
Differs from
Basidiocarps annual, simple to concrescent, soft and freshy when fresh, becoming firm and light in weight upon drying; taste bitterish, odour farinaceous when dry. Pileus planar and circular when young, later plano-convex to somewhat depressed and regular orbicular with age, up to 35 mm across and 5–8 mm thick at centre. Pileal surface light brown (6D7) to brown (7E8), azonate, velutinate, then matted, appressed squamose to rimose when fresh, and purplish-brown at the pileal margin, dark brown in centre, becoming scrobiculate and verrucose when dry; margin incurved and occasionally incised with age. Spine surface greyish-orange (6B3) to brown (6E6) when fresh, light brown (6D5) to brown (6E7) when dry; spines up to 1 mm long, base up to 0.2 mm diam., conical, 4–6 per mm, more or less decurrent on stipe, with spines at pileus margin, brittle when dry. Context not duplex, up to 6 mm thick, orange white (5A2) to yellowish-brown (5D6), firm; stipe central, up to 4.5 cm long and 1 cm diam., fleshy when fresh, rigid upon drying, light brown (6D6) to dark brown (6F6), fibrillose, inside solid, cylindrical or broadened below with bulbous base when old.
Hyphal structure. Hyphal system monomitic; generative hyphae with simple-septa,
Context. Generative hyphae hyaline, thin-walled, occasionally branched, simple-septate, inflated, interwoven, mostly 5–9 μm diam.
Spines. Tramal hyphae hyaline, thin-walled, occasionally branched, more or less parallel along spines, frequently simple-septate, straight, sometimes flexuous and collapsed, 2–4 μm diam. Cystidia and cystidioles absent. Basidia clavate, thin-walled, with four sterigmata (2.0–3.0 μm long), simple-septate at base, 19.2–39.3 × 3.0–7.2 μm; basidioles similar to basidia.
Basidiospores irregular ellipsoid to subglobose, brown, thin-walled, tuberculate,
–
Basidiocarps of
SEM of basidiospores of
Microscopic structures of
Morphological and nuc
–
Three new species of
The felted pileal surface is the main feature of
The specimens, involved in this study, were collected from the forests dominated by
1 | Basidiospores lengths in the range 8–10 μm, hyphae with frequent clamp connections in all parts of basidiocarps |
|
– | Basidiospores lengths in the range 4–7 μm, hyphae without clamp connection in any part of basidiocarps |
|
2 | Pileal surface not scaled, felted when fresh, spines up to 2.1 mm |
|
– | Pileal surface scaled when fresh, spines up to 1.4 mm |
|
3 | Basidiocarps of occasionally deeply fissured pileus, pileal surface with ascending squama |
|
– | Basidiocarps of not deeply fissured pileus, pileal surface with appressed squama |
|
This research was financed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project Nos. 31770028 & 31970017) and the Biodiversity Investigation, Observation and Assessment Program (2019–2023) of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China.