Corresponding author: Cheng-Lin Hou (
Academic editor: D.Haelewaters
Lv T, Hou C-L, Johnston PR (2019) Three new species and a new combination of
A history of
We conducted a morphological analysis of a specimen of
A specimen of
Genomic DNA was extracted from ascomata using NuClean Plant Genomic DNA Kit (CWBIO, China), following the manufacturer’s instructions and stored at -20 °C. Sequences of
Species and GenBank accession numbers of the sequences analysed in this study. “−” indicates data unavailable. Sequences generated for this study are in boldface.
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AFTOL-ID 1301 | − |
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AFTOL-ID 147 |
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ICMP:18319 | − |
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− |
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Lantz 396 (UPS) | − |
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− |
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Lantz 368 (UPS) | − |
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− |
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Lantz & Minter 424 (UPS) | − |
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− |
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Lantz & Widen 402 (UPS) | − |
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− |
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UME-29336a |
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− |
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ICMP:17339 |
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− |
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Lantz 394 (UPS) | − |
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− |
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Isolate 13 |
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− | − |
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ICMP:16796 |
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AFTOL-ID 149 | − |
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GJO-0090016 |
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FH-18061706 |
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FH-NB842 |
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− | |
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Lantz 367 (UPS) | − |
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KUS- |
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HOU447A |
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FH-15071105 |
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CUP-18080101 |
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E-00012551 |
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E-00012552 |
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GJO-0088904 |
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AFTOL-ID 1319 | − |
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− |
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The sequences, used in this study, included 22 taxa for the
The phylogenetic analyses, based on the concatenated four-locus (
A phylogenetic tree generated by maximum parsimony and Bayesian analysis of the combined
Similar to
Ascomata erumpent from the bark, circular or rectangular in outline, 1.3–2.0 mm diam., solitary or occasionally confluent, with a black (#211414) outer surface that is sculptured with polygonal areolae, opening by irregular splits to expose a yellow (#ffc14f) hymenium. In median vertical section, ascomata 500–600 μm thick. Covering stroma 270–300 μm thick near the central part of ascomata, decreasing to 65–110 μm at the edge, consisting of an outer layer of highly melanized hyphae with a few remnants of host tissue embedded in the surface and an inner layer of hyaline hyphae. Basal layer 65–160 μm thick, composed of highly melanized hyphae with hyaline hyphae towards the internal matrix of stroma that is 75–125 μm thick, composed of textura intricata. Subhymenium 45–75 μm thick consisting of small, irregular textura angularis. Excipulum absent. Paraphyses 200–230 × ca. 1 μm, filiform, multi-guttulate, guttulae visible in water and
Conidiomata and zone lines not seen.
Known from a single collection from Shennongjia National Nature Reserve, Hubei Province, China.
Referring to the Hubei Province where the specimen was collected.
Different from most
Ascomata erumpent from bark, elliptical in outline, 0.85–1.7 mm diam., solitary, with a black (#211414) outer surface that is sculptured with polygonal areolae, opening by irregular splits to expose the hymenium. In median vertical section, ascomata 350–550 μm thick. Covering stroma 45–70 μm thick, consisting of an outer layer of highly melanized hyphae with some host tissues incorporated into the surface and an inner layer of hyaline hyphae. Basal layer 40–80 μm thick, composed of a lower, highly melanized layer with hyaline hyphae towards the internal matrix of the stroma which is 40–98 μm thick, composed of textura intricata. Subhymenium 25–45 μm thick, consisting of hyaline textura angularis. Excipulum moderately developed, formed by marginal paraphyses. Paraphyses 180–240 × ca. 1 μm, filiform, occasionally branched, sparsely guttulate, guttulae visible in water and
Conidiomata and zone lines not seen.
From Latin,
On dead twigs of
Different from
Ascomata erumpent from bark, circular or slightly irregular in outline, 0.5–0.8 mm diam., solitary, with a black (#211414) outer surface that is sculptured with polygonal areolae, opening by irregular splits to expose the hymenium. In median vertical section, ascomata 300–400 μm thick. Covering stroma 45–75 μm, consisting of an outer layer of highly melanized hyphae with remnants of host tissue incorporated into the outer surface and an inner layer of hyaline hyphae. Basal layer 45–88 μm thick, composed of an outer layer of highly melanized hyphae and short, thick, hyaline hyphae towards the internal matrix of stroma that is 60–85 μm thick, composed of thick hyphae. Subhymenium 35–59 μm thick, consisting of hyaline textura angularis. Excipulum 25–35 μm thick, formed by marginal paraphyses. Paraphyses 180–230 × 1–1.2 μm, filiform, often branched, multi-guttulate, guttulae visible in water and
Conidiomata and zone lines not seen.
Referring to the Yunnan Province where the holotype specimens were collected.
On twigs of
The placement of this species in
The morphological characteristics of the species described here are typical of
The strongly supported phylogenetic relationship justifying the synonymy of
In conclusion, three new
1 | Ascospores phragmosporous |
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– | Ascospores muriform |
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2 | Ascospores ellipsoid, without rostriform beaks at the poles |
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– | Ascospores ellipsoid with rostriform beaks at the poles |
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3 | Ascomata ≥1mm diam |
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– | Ascomata <1mm diam |
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4 | Paraphyses multi-guttulate, often branched at the apex; thick-walled asci with 3–8 ascospores; ascospores with 7–14 transverse septa |
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– | Paraphyses sparsely guttulate, occasionally branched at the apex; asci thin-walled with 8-ascospores; ascospores with 6 transverse septa |
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5 | Asci 20–25 μm wide; ascospores with 7 transverse septa; occurring on |
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– | Asci 13–18 μm wide; ascospores with 6–8 transverse septa; only found on |
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6 | Occurring mainly on |
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– | Occurring mainly on |
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7 | Asci 230–280 × 25–30 μm, ascospores 30–48 × 12–20 μm |
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– | Asci 150–190 × 13–23 μm, ascospores 28–35 × 11–14 μm |
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This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31870629 and 31170019). We thank A. Gondiennet for the specimen collection from France. We also thank reviewers Hans-Otto Baral, Jason Karakehian, Donald Pfister and Joey Tanney for patient modification and improvements to the manuscript.