Corresponding author: Li-Wei Zhou (
Academic editor: M.P. Martín
Qin W-M, Wang X-W, Sawahata T, Zhou L-W (2018)
There are three species of
The studied specimens were deposited at the herbarium of the Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (
The PCR products were directly amplified from the extracts of the basidiocarps with the Phire® Plant Direct PCR Kit (Finnzymes Oy, Finland) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. The PCR protocol was as follows: initial denaturation at 98 °C for 5 min, followed by 39 cycles of denaturation at 98 °C for 5 s, annealing at 48 °C for 5 s and extension at 72 °C for 5 s and a final extension of 72 °C for 10 min. The primers LR0R and LR7 (
Phylogenetic position of
To explore the phylogenetic relationship of
The
Six
JAPAN. Nara, Research Forest of Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, 3 Jul 2017, on living vine of
Basidiocarps annual, sessile, imbricate, rarely solitary, without odour or taste, woody. Pilei semi-circular, flabelliform or fused together, applanate, single pileus projecting up to 1.5 cm long, 3 cm wide and 0.5 cm thick at base. Pileal surface greyish-brown to yellowish-brown, velutinate, concentrically sulcate with narrow zones; margin pale yellow or concolorous, sharp. Pore surface honey-yellow, slightly glancing; sterile margin distinct, curry-yellow, up to 0.5 mm wide; pores circular to angular, 6–8 per mm; dissepiments thin, entire. Context up to 2 mm thick, duplex, with a black zone, lower context olivaceous buff, hard corky, up to 1 mm thick, upper tomentum cinnamon-buff, soft, up to 1 mm thick. Tubes honey-yellow, corky, up to 3 mm long.
Basidiocarps of
Microscopic structures of
Hyphal system dimitic; generative hyphae simple septate; tissue darkening but otherwise unchanged in
(All on living vine of
Some species of
Since 2010, 21 new species of
1 | Basidiocarps resupinate |
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– | Basidiocarps sessile or stipitate |
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2 | Basidiocarps stipitate and terrestrial (woody debris) |
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– | Basidiocarps sessile and on aerial wood |
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3 | Context homogeneous |
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– | Context duplex |
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4 | Basidiospores > 4 µm long, > 3 µm wide |
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– | Basidiospores < 4 µm long, < 3 µm wide |
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5 | Cystidia present |
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– | Cystidia absent |
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6 | Hyphae in tomentum short and anticlinal |
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– | Hyphae in tomentum loosely interwoven |
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7 | Pores < 10 per mm |
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– | Pores > 10 per mm |
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8 | Basidiospores < 3.3 µm long, < 2.3 µm wide |
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– | Basidiospores > 3.3 µm long, > 2.3 µm wide |
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9 | Hyphal system dimitic |
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– | Hyphal system monomitic |
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10 | Basidiocarps perennial |
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– | Basidiocarps annual |
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11 | Pores 6–8 per mm |
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– | Pores 8–11 per mm |
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12 | Basidiocarps solitary |
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– | Basidiocarps in cluster |
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13 | Pileal surface lighter (greyish-orange to pale cinnamon) |
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– | Pileal surface darker (yellowish-brown to dark brown) |
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14 | Pileus attached by a small vertex and pendant |
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– | Pileus widely attached to the substratum |
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15 | Pores 7–9 per mm; basidiospores > 3.5 µm long |
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– | Pores 11–12 per mm; basidiospores < 3.5 µm long |
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16 | Pores 12–15 per mm; basidiospores < 3 µm long, < 2.5 µm wide |
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– | Pores 6–9 per mm; basidiospores > 3 µm long, > 2.5 µm wide |
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17 | Pores 6–9 per mm; basidiospores broadly ellipsoid (Q = 1.28–1.33) |
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– | Pores 8–9 per mm; basidiospores subglobose (Q = 1.21–1.23) |
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18 | Pores 2–4 per mm |
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– | Pores 4–12 per mm |
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19 | Basidiospores broadly ellipsoid to subglobose |
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– | Basidiospores oblong-ellipsoid, subcylindrical to cylindrical |
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20 | Context duplex |
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– | Context homogeneous |
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21 | Context < 1 mm thick; on living branch |
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– | Context 2–4 mm thick; on living trunk |
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22 | Basidiocarps annual to perennial, dense and hard consistency |
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– | Basidiocarps annual, soft corky at least at tomentum layer |
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23 | Pores 10–12 per mm; on living |
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– | Pores 6–9 per mm; on other angiosperms |
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24 | Pileal surface zonate and sulcate |
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– | Pileal surface azonate |
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25 | Pores 6–7 per mm |
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– | Pores 7–9 per mm |
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26 | Basidiospores ellipsoid; mostly on |
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– | Basidiospores subglobose; mostly on |
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27 | Basidiospores > 2.7 µm wide |
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– | Basidiospores < 2.7 µm wide |
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28 | Basidiospores ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid with a guttule; on |
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– | Basidiospores broadly ellipsoid without a guttule; on living |
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29 | Basidiospores broadly ellipsoid to subglobose |
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– | Basidiospores ellipsoid, oblong-ellipsoid to cylindrical |
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30 | Pores 5–6 per mm |
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– | Pores 6–11 per mm |
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31 | Context duplex, separated by a black zone |
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– | Context not separated by a black zone |
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32 | Pileal surface azonate, lower context 1–4 µm thick |
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– | Pileal surface zonate and sulcate, lower context 1 µm thick |
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33 | Basidiocarps solitary covered by a thick tomentum layer, pileal surface not radially faintly wrinkled |
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– | Basidiocarps in cluster without a distinct tomentum layer, pileal surface radially faintly wrinkled |
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34 | Pileus < 1.5 mm thick, margin regular |
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– | Pileus > 1.5 mm thick, margin irregular |
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35 | Basidiocarps > 8 cm wide, > 15 mm thick; contextual hyphae > 5 µm in diam |
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– | Basidiocarps < 8 cm wide, < 15 mm thick; contextual hyphae < 5 µm in diam |
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36 | Contextual hyphae regularly arranged |
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– | Contextual hyphae interwoven |
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37 | Pileus distinctly sulcate, not radially striate, margin obtuse, basal context separated by two black zones; hyphae in tomentum > 4 μm in diam; on living angiosperm trunk |
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– | Pileus faintly sulcate, radially striate, margin sharp, context duplex thoroughly; hyphae in tomentum < 4 μm in diam; on living liana |
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38 | Contextual hyphae slightly thick-walled with a wide lumen, frequently septate, large rhomboid crystals absent |
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– | Contextual hyphae thick-walled with a narrow lumen, occasionally septate, large rhomboid crystals present in trama and context |
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39 | Pores 10–12 per mm; basidiospores < 3 µm long; on living |
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– | Pores 7–9 per mm; basidiospores > 3 µm long; on other angiosperms |
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40 | Basidiospores mostly > 3 µm wide |
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– | Basidiospores mostly < 3 µm wide |
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41 | Pores 4–6 per mm |
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– | Pores 8–10 per mm |
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42 | Basidiocarp solitary |
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– | Basidiocarp imbricate |
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43 | Context homogeneous |
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– | Context duplex |
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44 | Context not separated by a black zone; on living |
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– | Context separated by a black zone; on other angiosperms |
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45 | Pileal surface azonate, pores 6–8 per mm; basidiospores cylindrical |
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– | Pileal surface zonate and sulcate, pores 8–9 per mm; basidiospores ellipsoid |
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46 | Basidiospores mostly < 2.5 µm wide |
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– | Basidiospores mostly > 2.5 µm wide |
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47 | Pores 5–6 per mm, context duplex, not separated by a black zone; basidiospores > 3.5 µm long, contextual hyphae interwoven; on living |
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– | Pores 7–9 per mm, context duplex, separated by a black zone; basidiospores < 3.5 µm long, contextual hyphae regularly arranged; on living |
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Dr. Karen K. Nakasone (CFMR, USA) is thanked for improving the manuscript. The research was financed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 31570014) and Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (No. 2017240).