Corresponding author: Ana M. Millanes (
Academic editor: Pradeep Divakar
New data on the diversity and geographical distribution of lichenicolous
Millanes AM, Diederich P, Westberg M, Knutsson T, Wedin M (2014)
Fungal mycoparasites, including lichen-parasites, are common among the
Macromorphological traits were observed using a Zeiss Stemi 2000-C dissecting microscope. Microscopic structures were studied using handmade sections stained with Phloxin (1% in water) after pre-treatment with KOH (5%), following the methods of
Basidiomata inside the hymenium of the host, resulting in blackish swellings of the host apothecia; context hyphae difficult to observe, 2.5–3.5 mm thick, thin walled, with clamp connections; haustorial branches not observed. Hymenium hyaline, containing numerous probasidia, intermixed with the hymenium of the host; probasidial initials clavate, proliferations occurring through the basal clamp; hyphidia and cystidia absent. Basidia, when mature, narrowly ellipsoid to subcylindrical, with one transverse septum (never oblique or longitudinal), slightly constricted at the septum, the lower cell elongate, with an attenuated stalk-like base, (14–)17–44 × 7–12(–13) mm (incl. stalk); epibasidia 3–3.5 mm thick, up to 65 mm long. Basidiospores subglobose, with a large apiculus, 7.5–9.5 × 6–8.5 mm. Anamorph: conidial chains sometimes present in the hymenium. Individual conidia 3–5 × 3–5 mm.
NORWAY, Rogaland, Suldal, on the N side of lake Stranddalsvatnet. On N facing phylitic rock,
The new species is known from one locality in Denmark, two localities in Norway, and nine in Sweden, all growing inside the hymenium of
The species was tentatively described by
Photographs of new species or records for the Nordic countries, Norway, and Sweden. Macroscopic habit of
(all on
This species was previously recorded in Europe (Belgium, France, Germany, Great Britain, Ireland, Italy, and Spain), where it is very common in the western Pyrenees, and in America (Mexico and U.S.A) (
(all on
This species was previously only recorded in England (
(all in the hymenium of
New to Iceland and to the Swedish provinces Öland, Södermanland, and Västergötland.
This species is widely distributed, with numerous records in Africa, America, Asia, and Europe (
ICELAND. W of Reyðarfjörður, lake Lagarfljót, SW of Hallormsstaður, Atlavík cove, W of Atlavík camping, siliceous rock outcrops in native
New to Norway and to the Swedish province Torne Lappmark.
The species was at first tentatively described as
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New to Sweden.
This fungus was previously known only from Denmark (
(all in the hymenium of
New to Bohuslän.
This species has a wide distribution and has been recorded in all Nordic countries except Iceland (i.e., Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden) (
SWEDEN. Bohuslän, Kville/Tanum pars., following Torsbo stream, low part of the cliff, mixed forest with
New to Gotland and Medelpad.
This material had been placed in S long ago, but as the specimens have apparently not been published or otherwise recorded elsewhere, we report them here. The species had been previously recorded in the Nordic countries, particularly in Sweden and Finland (
SWEDEN. Gotland: Sundre par., ca 1 km SE of Sundre church, along small track 500 m S Muskmyr, open limestone pavement (‘alvar’), on the ground, on
New to Dalarna, Norrbotten, and Ångermanland.
In the Nordic countries this species has been recorded in Finland, Norway and Sweden (
(all on
New to Öland.
In the Nordic countries this species has been reported from Denmark, Finland, and Sweden (
SWEDEN. Öland: Böda par., Trollskogen, Norra Uddändan, between Hjerteskeppet and Grankullavik, on semi-dead
New to Bohuslän, Dalsland, Dalarna and Västergötland.
The species has previously been recorded in the Scandinavian Peninsula, i.e., Norway and Sweden (
(all on
New to Öland.
In the Nordic countries the species has been so far only reported from Sweden (
(all on
New to Bohuslän, Dalarna, Norrbotten, Pite Lappmark, and Torne Lappmark.
This is a widely distributed species. In the Nordic countries it has been reported from Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden (
(all on
This study is part of the research project “